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Abstract (from http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0173844): Urban habitats are characterized by impervious surfaces, which increase temperatures and reduce water availability to plants. The effects of these conditions on herbivorous insects are not well understood, but may provide insight into future conditions. Three primary hypotheses have been proposed to explain why multiple herbivorous arthropods are more abundant and damaging in cities, and support has been found for each. First, less complex vegetation may reduce biological control of pests. Second, plant stress can increase plant quality for pests. And third, urban warming can directly increase pest fitness and abundance. These...
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Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation;
Tags: Forests,
Landscapes,
Plants,
Southeast CASC,
Southeast CASC, All tags...
Wildlife and Plants,
bee,
climate change,
critical thermal maximum,
heat tolerance,
pollinator,
urban warming, Fewer tags
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Abstract (from http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0102996): Trees are essential to urban habitats because they provide services that benefit the environment and improve human health. Unfortunately, urban trees often have more herbivorous insect pests than rural trees but the mechanisms and consequences of these infestations are not well documented. Here, we examine how temperature affects the abundance of a scale insect, Melanaspis tenebricosa (Comstock) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae), on one of the most commonly planted street trees in the eastern U.S. Next, we examine how both pest abundance and temperature are associated with water stress, growth, and condition of 26 urban street trees....
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation;
Tags: Forests,
Landscapes,
Other Wildlife,
Plants,
Southeast CASC, All tags...
Wildlife and Plants,
habitats,
insects,
linear regression analysis,
plant-herbivore interactions,
surface temperature,
trees,
urban ecology,
urban environments, Fewer tags
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Abstract (from http://www.esajournals.org/doi/abs/10.1890/13-1961.1): Trees provide ecosystem services that counter negative effects of urban habitats on human and environmental health. Unfortunately, herbivorous arthropod pests are often more abundant on urban than rural trees, reducing tree growth, survival, and ecosystem services. Previous research where vegetation complexity was reduced has attributed elevated urban pest abundance to decreased regulation by natural enemies. However, reducing vegetation complexity, particularly the density of overstory trees, also makes cities hotter than natural habitats. We ask how urban habitat characteristics influence an abiotic factor, temperature, and a biotic factor,...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation;
Tags: Acer rubrum,
Forests,
Landscapes,
Other Wildlife,
Plants, All tags...
Southeast CASC,
Wildlife and Plants,
climate change,
enemies hypothesis,
melanaspis tenebricosa,
pest abundance,
temperature,
urban ecology,
urban forest,
urban heat island, Fewer tags
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Tags: Acer rubrum,
Forests,
Gloomy Scale,
Impervious Surface,
Integrated Pest Management, All tags...
Landscapes,
Melanaspis tenebricosa,
Plants,
Red Maple,
Southeast CASC,
Street Tree,
Urban Forestry,
Wildlife and Plants, Fewer tags
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