Characteristic Settling Time and Interface Height Dependence on Pore Fluid Chemistry for Sediment Collected From Area B, During India's National Gas Hydrate Program Expedition NGHP-02
Dates
Publication Date
2018
Start Date
2015-05-18
End Date
2015-05-27
Citation
Jang, J., Waite, W.F., Stern, L.A., Collett T.S., and Kumar, P., 2018, Dependence of sedimentation behavior on pore-fluid chemistry for sediment collected from Area B, Krishna-Godavari Basin, during India's National Gas Hydrate Program, NGHP-02: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9FXJ1VX.
Summary
One goal of the Indian National Gas Hydrate Program's NGHP-02 expedition was to examine the geomechanical response of marine sediment to the extraction of methane from gas hydrate found offshore eastern India in the Bay of Bengal. Methane gas hydrate is a naturally occurring crystalline solid that sequesters methane in individual molecular cages in a lattice of water molecules. Methane gas hydrate is a potential energy resource, but whether extracting methane from gas hydrate in the marine subsurface is technically and economically viable remains an open research topic as of 2018. This data release provides insight about a poorly quantified aspect of this process: the reaction of fine-grained sediment particles (fines) to the change [...]
Summary
One goal of the Indian National Gas Hydrate Program's NGHP-02 expedition was to examine the geomechanical response of marine sediment to the extraction of methane from gas hydrate found offshore eastern India in the Bay of Bengal. Methane gas hydrate is a naturally occurring crystalline solid that sequesters methane in individual molecular cages in a lattice of water molecules. Methane gas hydrate is a potential energy resource, but whether extracting methane from gas hydrate in the marine subsurface is technically and economically viable remains an open research topic as of 2018. This data release provides insight about a poorly quantified aspect of this process: the reaction of fine-grained sediment particles (fines) to the change in pore water chemistry that occurs when methane is extracted from gas hydrate. Fines are an issue for production because they can get resuspended in the flow of fluid and gas toward the extraction well. As fines move, they can cluster and subsequently clog pore throats in the sediment, reducing permeability (which controls how easily methane can flow toward the extraction well). There are two main factors in determining the cluster structure (the size and fabric of the cluster) and the cluster formation and settling rates: the type of fine-grained particle and the chemistry of the surrounding pore water. Data in this study provide insight into both factors. Fine particles interact with each other primarily in response to electrical forces, and changes in pore water chemistry can significantly alter how those forces are communicated between particles. In marine systems, in situ pore water is an electrically conductive brine. As gas hydrate dissociates, however, fresh water is released along with the methane, making the pore water less conductive. Depending on the type of fine-grained particles involved, the pore water chemistry change enhances or diminishes the clustering and changes the rates at which the clusters form and settle. For this data release, specimens from the NGHP-02 expedition are observed during sedimentation (settling) tests in pore fluids of differing chemistry. The results included in this data release can (1) provide insight into the types of fines present, which can be difficult to quantify if using the more standard x-ray diffraction method for identifying fines and (2) indicate whether the in situ fines are likely to increase or decrease their capacity to clog pore throats as the pore water transitions from higher to lower salinity during gas hydrate dissociation.
NGHP02_AreaB_T50_FinalInterfaceHeight_Metadata.xml “CSDGM metadata.” Original FGDC Metadata
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Related External Resources
Type: Web Link
Jang, J., Waite, W.F., Stern, L.A., Collett, T.S., and Kumar, P., 2018. Physical property characteristics of gas hydrate-bearing reservoir and associated seal sediments collected during NGHP-02 in the Krishna-Godavari Basin, in the offshore of India: Marine and Petroleum Geology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2018.09.027.
The purpose of this dataset is to establish the characteristic settling times and the fabric of the settling particles after approximately four days. The t50 time, the time to obtain 50 percent of the final interface height, captures the settling rate as a function of pore-fluid chemistry. The final interface heights indicate the fabric of the sediment that settled (e.g. high final interface heights indicate the particles settled in a loose, high-porosity fabric). Results presented here are used to support discussions of anticipated behaviors in the natural system offshore India as presented in the related journal article [Jang and others, 2018].
Preview Image
Normalized interface height dependence on pore fluid chemistry for each specimen