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This data release contains historical SnowModel (Liston and Elder, 2006) output for the Crown of the Continent and surrounding areas in Montana and Idaho, USA; and Alberta and British Columbia, Canada from September 1, 1981 through August 31, 2020. Fifteen daily variables were simulated or derived for this release: (1) snow water equivalent (swed), (2) liquid precipitation (rpre), (3) solid precipitation (spre), (4) albedo (albd), (5) glacial ice melt (glmt), (6) total precipitation (prec), (7) runoff (roff), (8) snow covered area (sca), (9) snow density (sden), (10) snowmelt (smlt), (11) snow depth (snod), (12) snow sublimation (ssub), (13) air temperature (tair), (14) wind speed (wspd), and (15) wind direction...
Categories: Data;
Types: Downloadable,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
Shapefile;
Tags: Alberta,
British Columbia,
Crown of the Continent,
Glacier National Park,
Idaho,
Starting in 2003, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center in West Glacier, MT, in collaboration with the National Park Service, collected avalanche observations along the Going to the Sun Road during the spring road-clearing operations. The spring road-clearing along Going to the Sun Road utilized a team of avalanche specialists from the USGS and Glacier National Park to communicate the potential avalanche hazard to crews working to clear the road of snow in preparation for summer visitation. The operations typically begin around April 1st and continue through mid-June each year. The dataset includes all of the specific details collected for each avalanche occurrence and conforms...
Categories: Data,
Data Release - Revised;
Tags: CCME-avalanche,
Glacier National Park,
Going-to-the-Sun Road,
Montana,
North West Montana,
This data release contains historical SnowModel (Liston and Elder, 2006) output for the Crown of the Continent and surrounding areas in Montana and Idaho, USA; and Alberta and British Columbia, Canada from September 1, 1981 through August 31, 2020. Fifteen daily variables were simulated or derived for this release: (1) snow water equivalent (swed), (2) liquid precipitation (rpre), (3) solid precipitation (spre), (4) albedo (albd), (5) glacial ice melt (glmt), (6) total precipitation (prec), (7) runoff (roff), (8) snow covered area (sca), (9) snow density (sden), (10) snowmelt (smlt), (11) snow depth (snod), (12) snow sublimation (ssub), (13) air temperature (tair), (14) wind speed (wspd), and (15) wind direction...
This dataset includes processed tree ring data from avalanche paths in Glacier National Park and the Flathead National Forest in northwest Montana. The data were processed in three distinct phases that resulted in this dataset: collection, processing, and avalanche signal analysis. This dataset consists of samples from 647 trees with 2304 growth disturbances identified from 12 avalanche paths.
Categories: Data;
Tags: CCME-avalanche,
Flathead National Forest,
Glacier National Park,
Montana,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
Abstract (from Wiley): Snow avalanches are a natural hazard in mountainous areas worldwide with severe impacts that include fatalities, damage to infrastructure, disruption to commerce, and landscape disturbance. Understanding long-term avalanche frequency patterns, and associated climate and weather influences, improves our understanding of how climate change may affect avalanche activity. We used dendrochronological techniques to evaluate the historical frequency of large magnitude avalanches (LMAs) in the high-latitude climate of southeast Alaska, United States. We collected 434 cross sections throughout six avalanche paths near Juneau, Alaska. This resulted in 2706 identified avalanche growth disturbances between...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation
Since the late 1950s, the USGS has maintained a long-term glacier mass-balance program at three North American glaciers. Measurements began on South Cascade Glacier, WA in 1958, expanding to Gulkana and Wolverine glaciers, AK in 1966, and later Sperry Glacier, MT in 2005. Additional measurements have been made on Lemon Creek Glacier, AK to compliment data collected by the Juneau Icefield Research Program (JIRP; Pelto and others, 2013). Direct field measurements are combined with weather data and imagery analyses to estimate the seasonal and annual mass balance at each glacier in both a conventional and reference surface format (Cogley and others, 2011). High-altitude measurements of meteorological data have been...
Categories: Data,
Data Release - Revised;
Tags: Ablation Zones/Accumulation Zones,
Alaska,
ClimatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere,
Cryosphere,
Environment,
This dataset includes processed tree ring data from avalanche paths in southeast Alaska, USA. The data were processed in three distinct phases that resulted in this dataset: collection, processing, and avalanche signal analysis. This dataset consists of samples from 434 cross sections from 426 unique trees throughout six avalanche paths in the study region. This resulted in 2706 identified growth disturbances (GDs) due to avalanches.
Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) flights were conducted over the headwaters of the South Fork of Brackett Creek in the Bridger Mountains of SW Montana during the winter of 2020. The flights collected overlapping imagery focused on a steep mountain couloir study site known locally as "the Hourglass." Structure from motion (SfM) photogrammetry was used to process the collected imagery and create digital surface models (DSMs) of the landscape on 13 field days. The data was collected between January 7, 2020 and July 8, 2020 and includes 12 snow-on models as well as 1 snow-free model. The snow-on DSMs represent snow depths calculated using DSM-differencing techniques (subtraction of snow-free surface from snow-on surface)....
Snow avalanches alter mountain environments and have both beneficial and harmful effects on wildlife. Avalanches can benefit wildlife by creating open areas for grazing but can also be deadly when animals are buried in avalanche debris. Avalanches pose high risks to mountain goats because they inhabit rugged and steep terrain, but the actual impacts of avalanches on mountain goats remain unknown. The goal of this project is to understand how avalanches impact mountain goat habitat and mortality in the Coast Mountains of southeast Alaska. The research team will use long-term data collected from 434 mountain goats outfitted with GPS collars from 2005 to 2022 and avalanche hazard maps to understand how mountain...
Categories: Project;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: 2022,
Alaska,
Alaska CASC,
CASC,
Drought, Fire and Extreme Weather,
The “Glaciers of Glacier National Park Repeat Photography Collection” is a compilation of photographs documenting the retreat of glaciers in Glacier National Park, Montana, U.S.A. (GNP) through repeat photography. The collection is comprised of 57 image pairs, resulting from twenty-two years of U.S.Geological Survey (USGS) field excursions (1997-2019) for the purpose of photographically documenting glacier change. Historic images of glaciers were located at the USGS Photographic Library, GNP Archives, and the University of Montana Special Collections. Employees and volunteers of the USGS Repeat Photography Project relocated the site of each historic photograph and re-photographed the image to create a historic-contemporary...
Categories: Data;
Tags: CCME-glacier,
Glacier National Park,
Montana,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
climate change,
Project Overview Climate change has reduced the amount of water stored in snowpacks and altered avalanche risks in mountainous areas of western North America. Researchers supported by this North Central-CASC project will develop tools for predicting and managing future water resources and future avalanche patterns, particularly in areas of major transportation corridors and important habitats. Results from this project will help federal, tribal, and state agencies manage snow water resources and mitigate avalanche hazards across temporal and spatial scales. Project Summary Climate change is profoundly affecting seasonal snowpack, with implications for water resources and water-related hazards like avalanches. Since...
Categories: Project;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: 2023,
CASC,
Data Visualization & Tools,
Data Visualization & Tools,
North Central,
This data release contains historical SnowModel (Liston and Elder, 2006) output for the Crown of the Continent and surrounding areas in Montana, USA; and Alberta and British Columbia, Canada from September 1, 1981 through August 31, 2020. Fifteen daily variables were simulated or derived for this release: (1) snow water equivalent (swed), (2) liquid precipitation (rpre), (3) solid precipitation (spre), (4) albedo (albd), (5) glacial ice melt (glmt), (6) total precipitation (prec), (7) runoff (roff), (8) snow covered area (sca), (9) snow density (sden), (10) snowmelt (smlt), (11) snow depth (snod), (12) snow sublimation (ssub), (13) air temperature (tair), (14) wind speed (wspd), and (15) wind direction (wdir). The...
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