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There are comparatively few fossils that document the presence of the Pleistocene western camel (Camelops hesternus) in the unglaciated regions of Alaska and Yukon, northwestern North America (eastern Beringia). It has been previously reported on the basis of stratigraphic and radiocarbon data that this species was present within this region from the Sangamonian interglaciation (Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5) through the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, MIS 2). However, the continued presence of western camel through the LGM is at odds with its ecological preferences as inferred from more southerly parts of the continent. Here we report 43 new radiocarbon dates on 34 western camel fossils from Alaska and Yukon, including...
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The extensive boreal biome is little studies relative to its global importance. Its high soil moisture and low temperatures result in large below-ground reservoirs of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N). Presently, such high-latitude ecosystems are undergoing the largest temperature increases in global warming. Change in soil temperature or moisture in the large pools of soil organic matter could fundamentally change ecosystem C and N budgets. Since 1990, we have conducted treeline studies in a small (800 ha) watershed in Noatak National Preserve, northwestern Alaska. Our objectives were to (1) gain an understanding of treeline dynamics, structure, and function; and (2) examine the effects of global climate change, particularly...
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A logical starting point for climate change adaptation in the forest sector is to proactlvely identify management practices and policies that have a higher likelihood of achieving management objectives across a wide range of potential climate futures. This should be followed by implementation of these options and monitoring their success in achieving management objectives within an adaptive management context. Here, we implement an approach to identify locally appropriate adaptation options by tapping into the experiential knowledge base of local forest practitioners while at the same time, building capacity within this community to implement the results. We engaged 30 forest practitioners who are involved with...
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Canadian Fire Weather Index (FWI) System components and head fire intensities were calculated for fires greater than 2 km2 in size for the boreal and taiga ecozones of Canada from 1959 to 1999. The highest noon-hour values were analysed that occurred during the first 21 days of each of 9333 fires. Depending on ecozone, the means of the FWI System parameters ranged from: fine fuel moisture code (FFMC), 90 to 92 (82 to 96 for individual fires); duff moisture code (DMC), 38 to 78 (10 to 140 for individual fires); drought code (DC), 210 to 372 (50 to 600 for individual fires); and fire weather index, 20 to 33 (5 to 60 for individual fires). Fine fuel moisture code decreased, DMC had a mid-season peak, and DC increased...
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The present study used overlapping burn scars from natural wildfires to examine the effects of changes in the fire-free interval on early successional plant communities in boreal forests of central Yukon Territory, Canada. Data on plant community composition and residual organic material were collected in the first decade of post-fire regeneration in two study areas with recent fire overlap. Sites with a shorter fire-free interval had reduced loads of deadwood and shallower organic layers after the most recent fire. Multivariate analysis of species cover indicated that sites in and out of the burn overlap zones also supported distinct plant communities. Differences in the plant communities were associated with a...
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This paper discusses the application of digital terrain analysis modeling techniques to the parameterization of a semi-distributed hydrologic model. Most current techniques for deriving physiographic parameters in watershed analyses, including those using commercial geographic information systems (GIS), are tedious, costly and time consuming. The demands of these techniques result in them usually being limited in practical application to deriving parameters at only one level of detail or for only one set of sub-basins. This paper presents a computerized interface (SLURPAZ) that was developed to combine the output of an established digital terrain analysis model (TOPAZ) with digital land cover data to derive all...
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Pogo Mine Project: An Introduction The Project: The proposed Pogo Gold Mine would be located about 38 miles northeast of Delta Junction, Alaska, near the Goodpaster River (see figure 1). Teck-Pogo, Inc., the "applicant," plans to develop the mine on state-owned land. It would be an underground mine with a surface mill producing up to 500,000 ounces of gold each year. The applicant hopes to begin construction in 2002, and proposes to operate the mine 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, for about 12 years. This predicted mine-life is based on existing information; on-going exploration could increase the life of the mine. The project would employ up to 385 employees. Workers would be housed on site. An airstrip would...
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The fundamental niche of a species is rarely if ever realized because the presence of other species restricts it to a narrower range of ecological conditions. The effects of this narrower range of conditions define how resources are partitioned. Resource partitioning has been inferred but not demonstrated previously for sympatric ursids. We estimated assimilated diet in relation to body condition (body fat and lean and total body mass) and reproduction for sympatric brown bears (Ursus arctos) and American black bears (U. americanus) in south-central Alaska, 1998?2000. Based on isotopic analysis of blood and keratin in claws, salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) predominated in brown bear diets (>53% annually) whereas black...
map background search result map search result map Aerial surveys of belugas in Cook Inlet, Alaska, August 2006 Respect for Grizzly Bears: an Aboriginal Approach for Co-existence and Resilience Method for Attenuation of White Phosphorus Contamination in Wetlands Recovery of forest-floor vegetation after a wildfire in a Picea mariana forest An interdisciplinary approach to studying climate change: a case study for Alaska's Koyukuk region Application of Structured Decision Making to an Assessment of Climate Change Vulnerabilities and Adaptation Options for Sustainable Forest Management EIELSON AIR FORCE BASE: Site Information Integrated Analysis of Genetic, Stable Isotope, and Banding Data Reveal Migratory Connectivity and Flyways in the Northern Yellow Warbler (Dendroica petechia; Aestiva group) Response of boreal plant communities to variations in previous fire-free interval Using digital terrain analysis modeling techniques for the parameterization of a hydrologic model Late-glacial alpine glacier advance and early Holocene tephras, northern British Columbia Treeline biogeochemistry and dynamics, Noatak National Preserve, northwestern Alaska INTERSPECIFIC RESOURCE PARTITIONING IN SYMPATRIC URSIDS POGO Gold Mine EIS/NEPA Project An open-path tunable diode laser absorption spectrometer for detection of carbon dioxide at the Bonanza Creek Long-Term Ecological Research Site near Fairbanks, Alaska Yukon lce Patches: Role of lce-entombed Bryophytes in Alpine EIELSON AIR FORCE BASE: Site Information Method for Attenuation of White Phosphorus Contamination in Wetlands An open-path tunable diode laser absorption spectrometer for detection of carbon dioxide at the Bonanza Creek Long-Term Ecological Research Site near Fairbanks, Alaska Integrated Analysis of Genetic, Stable Isotope, and Banding Data Reveal Migratory Connectivity and Flyways in the Northern Yellow Warbler (Dendroica petechia; Aestiva group) POGO Gold Mine EIS/NEPA Project Recovery of forest-floor vegetation after a wildfire in a Picea mariana forest Response of boreal plant communities to variations in previous fire-free interval Late-glacial alpine glacier advance and early Holocene tephras, northern British Columbia Application of Structured Decision Making to an Assessment of Climate Change Vulnerabilities and Adaptation Options for Sustainable Forest Management Treeline biogeochemistry and dynamics, Noatak National Preserve, northwestern Alaska Aerial surveys of belugas in Cook Inlet, Alaska, August 2006 Yukon lce Patches: Role of lce-entombed Bryophytes in Alpine INTERSPECIFIC RESOURCE PARTITIONING IN SYMPATRIC URSIDS An interdisciplinary approach to studying climate change: a case study for Alaska's Koyukuk region Using digital terrain analysis modeling techniques for the parameterization of a hydrologic model Respect for Grizzly Bears: an Aboriginal Approach for Co-existence and Resilience