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Estimation of irrigation water use provides essential information for the management and conservation of agricultural water resources. The blue water evapotranspiration (BWET) raster dataset at 30-meter resolution is created to estimate agricultural irrigation water consumption. The dataset contains seasonal total (1 May to 30 September) BWET time series (1986 – 2020) for the croplands across the U.S. High Plains aquifer region. The BWET estimates are generated by integrating an energy-balance ET model (Operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance model) and a water-balance ET model (Vegetation ET model). BWET in croplands reflects crop consumptive use of irrigation water extracted from surface water and groundwater...
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The data are a long-term (1980-present), daily reanalysis of reference evapotranspiration, covering the globe at a spatial resolution of 0.625° Longitude x 0.5° Latitude. Reference evapotranspiration is a measure of evaporative demand, or the "thirst of the atmosphere", basically how much moisture from the surface could evaporate into overpassing air, assuming (i) that enough water is available to evaporate and (ii) the surface is covered with a specific reference crop that completely shades the ground (some other conditions also apply). For this dataset, reference evapotranspiration is derived from the daily implementation of the Penman-Monteith reference evapotranspiration equation (Monteith, 1965) as codified...
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The Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI) is a sovereign Small Island State in the tropical central North Pacific Ocean. RMI is a nation of more than thirty atolls and islands, most of which are inhabited, dispersed across an exclusive economic zone (EEZ) over 2 million square kilometers. This data release contains raster datasets for vegetation and water monitoring including Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Landscape Water Requirement Satisfaction Index (L-WRSI), and Soil Moisture Index (SMI) for selected locations and precipitation (dekadal (10-day) sum) for the entire RMI from 2017-2022. These data were compiled to support a 2022-2023 U.S. Geological Survey project for developing methods to apply...
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Agriculture consumes the largest share of freshwater globally, therefore, distinguishing between rainfed and irrigated croplands is essential for agricultural water management and food security. Yet in Africa, disaggregating croplands is challenging due to the continent's vast size, diverse climates, and varied agricultural practices. In this study, a framework using the Budyko model was applied to differentiate between rainfed and irrigated cropland areas in Africa for eight remote sensing landcover products and a high confidence cropland map (HCCM). The approach outlined in this research expands on the suite of remote sensing landcover products that can be used for agricultural water studies in Africa by enabling...
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This dataset, VegDischarge v1, represents a significant contribution to the understanding of hydrological dynamics across Africa from 2000 to 2021. It encompasses high-resolution (1km x 1km) monthly raster data of deep drainage, surface runoff, and total runoff, derived from the VegET (VegetationEvapoTranspiration) hydrological model (Senay et al., 2023). Additionally, routed discharge data (Mizukami et al., 2021) for over 63,000 river segments is provided, employing different routing algorithms (DW, KW, KWT, MC, and IRF) to demonstrate variability in river discharge patterns. This comprehensive dataset is stored in NetCDF and Shapefile formats, offering valuable insights for policymakers, stakeholders, and researchers...
The agro-hydrologic VegET (VegetationEvapotranspiration) model uses a water balance approach to simulate daily soil moisture (SM), actual evapotranspiration (ETa), and runoff (R). We enhanced the model to include snow accumulation and melt processes along with the separation of runoff into surface runoff and deep drainage and implemented the code using cloud technology. This publication is providing the supporting data for the updated methods and provides evaluation results for the United States and the Greater Horn of Africa.
Water management starts with the understanding of the spaciotemporal distribution of the available water, uses, and losses. A planet with limited water resources needs accurate, reliable and frequently-updated data and tools to assess and monitor historical and current uses and plan for future needs. Scientists at EROS harness massive amounts of satellite and global weather datasets and integrate them with agro-hydroloic models to create multi-scale products for use by resource managers and researchers across the world for improved decision making and scenario building in water, agriculture, and natural resources. Agro-hydrologic research focuses on hydrologic processes between 2-m below and 2-m above the ground...
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The Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI) is a sovereign Small Island State in the tropical central North Pacific Ocean. RMI is a nation of more than thirty low-lying atolls and islands, most of which are inhabited, dispersed across an EEZ over 2 million square kilometers. Multiple hazards such as coastal flooding, wave overwash, and drought threaten freshwater and food security of the communities. In the atolls, vegetation consists of agroforest, coconut plantation, and coastal species. Because islands/ islets are small and low-lying, all vegetation is vulnerable to the hazards. Current drought hazard products provide generalities regarding conditions on a broad geographic scale, but do not consider exposure of...
    map background search result map search result map Vegetation and Water Monitoring Datasets for selected locations in the Republic of the Marshall Islands from 2017-2022 Rainfed and Irrigated Cropland Areas for Africa Republic of Marshall Islands Precipitation and Vegetation Monitoring Global reference evapotranspiration for food-security monitoring (ver. 2.1, April 2024) Hydrologic gridded runoff and routed discharge data for Africa from 2000-2021 Seasonal Blue Water Evapotranspiration 1986 – 2020 for the Croplands in the High Plains Aquifer Region Vegetation and Water Monitoring Datasets for selected locations in the Republic of the Marshall Islands from 2017-2022 Republic of Marshall Islands Precipitation and Vegetation Monitoring Seasonal Blue Water Evapotranspiration 1986 – 2020 for the Croplands in the High Plains Aquifer Region Rainfed and Irrigated Cropland Areas for Africa Hydrologic gridded runoff and routed discharge data for Africa from 2000-2021 Global reference evapotranspiration for food-security monitoring (ver. 2.1, April 2024)