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Abstract (from http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11069-016-2376-z): Drought is among the most insidious types of natural disasters and can have devastating economic and human health impacts. This research analyzes the relationship between two readily accessible drought indices—the Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) and Palmer Hydrologic Drought Index (PHDI)—and the damage incurred by such droughts in terms of monetary loss, over the 1975–2010 time period on monthly basis, for five states in the south-central USA. Because drought damage in the Spatial Hazards Events and Losses Database for the United States (SHELDUS™) is reported at the county level, statistical downscaling techniques were used to estimate...
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The frequency of extreme drought events is projected to increase under global climate change, causing damage to plants and crop yield despite potential acclimation. We investigated whether grasses remain acclimated to drought even after a harvest and remember early summer drought exposure over a whole vegetation period. For this, we compared the response of Arrhenatherum elatius plants under a second, late, drought (they were pre-exposed to an early drought before), to plants exposed to a single, only late, extreme drought. Surprisingly, the percentage of living biomass after a late drought increased for plants that were exposed to drought earlier in the growing season compared to single-stressed plants, even after...
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Drought is a natural hazard that inflicts costly damage to the environment and human communities. Although ample literature exists on the climatological aspects of drought, little is known on whether existing drought indices can predict the damages and how different human communities respond and adapt to the hazard. This project examines (1) whether existing drought indices can predict the occurrence of drought events and their actual damages; (2) how the adaptive capacity (i.e., resilience) varies across space; and (3) what public outreach and engagement effort would be most effective for mitigation of risk and impacts. The study region includes all 503 counties in Arkansas, Louisiana, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and...
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Regional Climate Centers (RCC) Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI: drought index). Recent 10-year climatology for drought in summer months, 2005-2014.Drought is one of the most consequential aspects of variation in precipitation and temperature patterns in terms of its impacts on natural ecosystems and human systems. The production of food and clean water can be strongly affected, as can forest products production, outdoor recreation, ecosystem processes such as wildland fire, and many other processes affecting ecosystem services. Having a grasp on recent ranges of variability in drought conditions can provide a context for understanding ongoing and future climate change and its impacts on ecosystem services. Although...
Historically, drought has been viewed in terms of its agricultural, hydrological, and socioeconomic impacts. How drought affects ecosystems - and the services they provide human communities - is often not discussed. In response, the U.S. Geological Survey's National Climate Adaptation Science Center (NCASC) initiated a national-scale effort that’s addressing this gap in drought research. A new concept – ecological drought – was defined as part of this effort. This geo-narrative explains the concept of ecological drought, and highlights the research and products that were initiated as part of this effort.
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Regional Climate Centers (RCC) Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI: drought index). Recent 10-year climatology for drought in all months, 1950-1999.Drought is one of the most consequential aspects of variation in precipitation and temperature patterns in terms of its impacts on natural ecosystems and human systems. The production of food and clean water can be strongly affected, as can forest products production, outdoor recreation, ecosystem processes such as wildland fire, and many other processes affecting ecosystem services. Having a grasp on recent ranges of variability in drought conditions can provide a context for understanding ongoing and future climate change and its impacts on ecosystem services. Although...
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Regional Climate Centers (RCC) Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI: drought index). Recent 10-year climatology for drought in summer months, 2005-2014.Drought is one of the most consequential aspects of variation in precipitation and temperature patterns in terms of its impacts on natural ecosystems and human systems. The production of food and clean water can be strongly affected, as can forest products production, outdoor recreation, ecosystem processes such as wildland fire, and many other processes affecting ecosystem services. Having a grasp on recent ranges of variability in drought conditions can provide a context for understanding ongoing and future climate change and its impacts on ecosystem services. Although...
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Regional Climate Centers (RCC) Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI: drought index). Recent 10-year climatology for drought in summerl months, 1950-1999.Drought is one of the most consequential aspects of variation in precipitation and temperature patterns in terms of its impacts on natural ecosystems and human systems. The production of food and clean water can be strongly affected, as can forest products production, outdoor recreation, ecosystem processes such as wildland fire, and many other processes affecting ecosystem services. Having a grasp on recent ranges of variability in drought conditions can provide a context for understanding ongoing and future climate change and its impacts on ecosystem services....
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Regional Climate Centers (RCC) Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI: drought index). Recent 10-year climatology for drought in winter months, 1950-1999.Drought is one of the most consequential aspects of variation in precipitation and temperature patterns in terms of its impacts on natural ecosystems and human systems. The production of food and clean water can be strongly affected, as can forest products production, outdoor recreation, ecosystem processes such as wildland fire, and many other processes affecting ecosystem services. Having a grasp on recent ranges of variability in drought conditions can provide a context for understanding ongoing and future climate change and its impacts on ecosystem services. Although...
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Regional Climate Centers (RCC) Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI: drought index). Recent 10-year climatology for drought in all months, 2005-2014. Drought is one of the most consequential aspects of variation in precipitation and temperature patterns in terms of its impacts on natural ecosystems and human systems. The production of food and clean water can be strongly affected, as can forest products production, outdoor recreation, ecosystem processes such as wildland fire, and many other processes affecting ecosystem services. Having a grasp on recent ranges of variability in drought conditions can provide a context for understanding ongoing and future climate change and its impacts on ecosystem services. Although...
One of the challenges of range management is to compare one system of management with another with regard to their response to a different natural or management-induced factor. Drought and grasshoppers were dominant influences on rangelands of the southwest in the late 1980s. Drought has long been recognized as a good test of a grazing system as drought tends to magnify any weakness of management practice. The drought and subsequent grasshopper invasion of 1988 through 1990 provided a good opportunity to stress test two different grazing systems of the Arizona Strip. The two allotments examined in this paper are adjacent to each other, have similar range sites, and similar precipitation. Two major range sites occur...
Historical stream flow records and the forecast for 2004 make the current (1999?2004) drought in the southwestern United States the worst one in the past 80 years for portions of the Upper Colorado River Basin (UCRB). For the Colorado River (near Cisco, Utah), the cumulative stream flow deficit (departure from long-term mean) for the current drought is almost 11 km3, or approximately 2 years of average stream flow.Although the current drought is the most significant,based on historical stream flow records, is it the worst ever? Published in Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, volume 85, issue 32, on pages 301 - 308, in 2004.
The definition of desertification accepted in the ad hoc conference held by UNEP in Nairobi in 1977 and confirmed at the Earth Summit on Environment and Development held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992 is: ?arid, semi-arid and dry-subhumid land degradation?. There is no global long-term trend in any rainfall change over the period of instrumental record (c. 150 years), but there has been an increase of 0�5�C in global temperature over the past 100 years. This increase seems partly due to urbanization, as there is no evidence of it resulting from atmospheric pollution by CO2and other warming gases (SO2, NO2, CH4, CFH etc.). On the other hand, the thermal increase is uneven, increasing with latitudes above 40� N and S....
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It is well understood that plant phenology is sensitive to climate, however it is not so clear exactly how climate change might alter the spatial and temporal patterns of vegetation phenology. Satellite remote sensing offers a unique vantage point from which to observe phenological cycles across large regions. Although ubiquitous, cycles of green-up and brown-down are complex and exhibit great variability across space and time. Herbivore species such as elk, moose, and deer depend on the availability of herbaceous plants and deciduous shrubs for forage. These vegetation types are most nutritious for herbivores from early season to peak green-up, so characterizing vegetation cycles, or phenology, over the long term...
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Your Yukon is a weekly column about environmental issues and research, from Canada's Yukon. This column discusses how climate change, especially drought stress, may be affecting the boreal forest.--Includes text from publisher's website.
Abstract (from http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/abs/10.1175/WCAS-D-15-0042.1): Drought is a natural part of the historical climate variability in the northern Rocky Mountains and high plains region of the United States. However, recent drought impacts and climate change projections have increased the need for a systematized way to document and understand drought in a manner that is meaningful to public land and resource managers. The purpose of this exploratory study was to characterize the ways in which some federal and tribal natural resource managers experienced and dealt with drought on lands managed by the U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI) and tribes in two case site examples (northwest Colorado and southwest...
The Wind River Indian Reservation (WRIR) in west-central Wyoming is home to the Eastern Shoshone and Northern Arapaho tribes, who reside near and depend on water from the streams that feed into Wind River. In recent years, however, the region has experienced frequent severe droughts, which have affected tribal livelihoods and cultural activities. Scientists with the North Central Climate Adaptation Science Center (NCCASC) at Colorado State University, the National Drought Mitigation Center (NDMC) at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, and several other university and agency partners in the region worked in close partnership with tribal water managers to assess how drought affects the reservation, which included...
There are a variety of metrics that are used to monitor drought conditions, including soil moisture and drought indices. This study examines the relationship between in situ soil moisture, NLDAS-2 soil moisture, and four drought indices: the standardized precipitation index, the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index, the crop moisture index, and the Palmer Z index. We evaluate how well drought indices and the modeled soil moisture represent the intensity, variability, and persistence of the observed soil moisture in the southern Great Plains. We also apply the drought indices to evaluate land–atmosphere interactions and compare the results with soil moisture. The results show that the SPI, SPEI, and...
Categories: Publication; Types: Citation


map background search result map search result map Do plants remember drought? Hints towards a drought-memory in grasses Drought The Palmer Drought Severity Index Annual Mean 2005-2014 Drought The Palmer Drought Severity Index Winter Mean 2005-2014 Drought The Palmer Drought Severity Index Summer Mean 2005-2014 Drought The Palmer Drought Severity Index Annual Mean 1950-1999 Drought The Palmer Drought Severity Index Winter Mean 1950-1999 Drought The Palmer Drought Severity Index Summer Mean 1950-1999 The Effects of Drought on Vegetation Phenology and Wildlife County-level drought indices The Palmer Drought Severity Index(PDSI)and Palmer Hydrological Drought Index(PHDI) Drought stress changing the Takhini landscape Drought stress changing the Takhini landscape The Effects of Drought on Vegetation Phenology and Wildlife Do plants remember drought? Hints towards a drought-memory in grasses County-level drought indices The Palmer Drought Severity Index(PDSI)and Palmer Hydrological Drought Index(PHDI) Drought The Palmer Drought Severity Index Annual Mean 2005-2014 Drought The Palmer Drought Severity Index Winter Mean 2005-2014 Drought The Palmer Drought Severity Index Summer Mean 2005-2014 Drought The Palmer Drought Severity Index Annual Mean 1950-1999 Drought The Palmer Drought Severity Index Winter Mean 1950-1999 Drought The Palmer Drought Severity Index Summer Mean 1950-1999