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The Clear Lake herd contains migrants, but this herd does not migrate between traditional summer and winter seasonal ranges. Instead, much of the herd displays a nomadic tendency, slowly migrating north, east, or south for the summer using various high use areas as they move. Therefore, annual ranges were modeled using year-round data to demarcate high use areas in lieu of modeling specific winter ranges. The areas adjacent to Clear Lake Reservoir were heavily used during winter by many of the collared animals. A few collared individuals persisted west of State Route 139 year-round, seemingly separated from the rest of the herd due to this highway barrier. However, some pronghorn cross this road near Cornell and...
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The Mendocino mule deer herd complex is comprised of three overlapping black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus columbianus) administrative herds, including Mendocino, Clear Lake, and Alder Springs. Mendocino black-tailed deer exhibit variable movement patterns and strategies, including traditional seasonal migrants, full-time residents, and multi-range migrants. Migrants move between seasonal ranges from a multitude of lower elevation areas within the North Coast Range in winter to higher elevation summer ranges (fig. XXX). Local biologists predict high-use winter ranges throughout both foothill slopes and valley bottoms. Female deer of the Mendocino herd complex exhibit both short-term (seasonal/annual) and long-term...
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The winter ranges of the Northside mule deer herd can be broadly separated into northern and southern subgroups. The majority of the southern subgroup winters at low elevations near the John Day River in areas dominated by big sagebrush communities, Columbia Basin grasslands, and western juniper. The northern subgroup is more spatially dispersed, wintering by Cottonwood Creek, the North Fork John Day River, and the Middle Fork John Day River in ranges containing more conifer forest than those of the southern subgroup. Both subgroups summer in the same general area, migrating either northeast or southeast to reach ranges featuring mixed-conifer, Picea spp. (spruce), Ponderosa pine, and western juniper forests with...
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The Klamath Basin mule deer herd contains an estimated 10,775 deer and features a mix of resident and migratory animals. Most winter ranges are adjacent to the California border near Bly and Lost River, California, in areas featuring western juniper, low shrublands, and early shrub-tree habitat. In spring, these mule deer either migrate northwest to regional national forest lands or northeast past South Fork Sprague River. Summer ranges contain ponderosa pine, mixed-conifer, and early shrub-tree habitat along with alfalfa and other agricultural crops. Notably, one mule deer migrated southeast into California near Goose Lake in May 2019 and spent a year near Deadhorse Reservoir before returning to Oregon in November...
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With 204 GPS-collared mule deer, the Beulah-Malheur herd is one of the most extensively recorded mule deer herds in Oregon. Mule deer primarily winter along the Malheur River and the Stinkingwater Mountains, with some as far south as the Owyhee River. Winter ranges are covered by Artemisia tridentata (big sagebrush), grassland, and encroaching Juniperus occidentalis (western juniper). Although spatially dispersed, much of the Beulah-Malheur herd collectively migrates northwest to reach summer ranges across the upper elevations of the Malheur National Forest, Pedro Mountain, and Cottonwood Mountain. Primary summer range vegetation includes A. t. vaseyana (mountain big sagebrush), Pinus ponderosa (ponderosa pine),...
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The Lassen herd winters in lower elevations in the Secret Valley, Bull Flat, and the Five Springs Wilderness Study Area north of the Skedaddle Mountains and east of Shaffer Mountain, as well as in the Dry Valley Rim Wilderness Study Area. Summer ranges are spread out, with some individuals migrating north to the Madeline Plains and others heading west to Willow Creek Valley, Grasshopper Valley, and Eagle Lake (fig. XXX). An unknown portion of the herd are better characterized as residents. The primary threat to pronghorn in the Lassen herd is the conversion of perennial shrublands to exotic annual grasslands following wildfires. The 2012 Rush Fire burned 271,911 acres in Lassen County within the boundary of the...
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The Area 17-Toiyabe mule deer herd inhabits the Shoshone Mountains and Toiyabe Range, which run north to south in central Nevada (fig. 11). Mule deer from the Shoshone Mountains and Toiyabe Range are characterized by short distance migrations from high elevations above 7,874 ft (2,400 m), down to 5,577 ft (1,700 m). Since the 1920s, the lower elevation slopes east of Toiyabe Dome, between Wisconsin Creek and Broad Creek and locally known as Toiyabe bench, have been documented by the Nevada Department of Wildlife as crucial mule deer winter range. Because of the value of this habitat for mule deer, the BLM closed the area to domestic livestock grazing in 1983 (Nevada Department of Wildlife, 1985). In 2018, in collaboration...
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The Klamath Basin mule deer herd contains an estimated 10,775 deer and features a mix of resident and migratory animals. Most winter ranges are adjacent to the California border near Bly and Lost River, California, in areas featuring western juniper, low shrublands, and early shrub-tree habitat. In spring, these mule deer either migrate northwest to regional national forest lands or northeast past South Fork Sprague River. Summer ranges contain ponderosa pine, mixed-conifer, and early shrub-tree habitat along with alfalfa and other agricultural crops. Notably, one mule deer migrated southeast into California near Goose Lake in May 2019 and spent a year near Deadhorse Reservoir before returning to Oregon in November...
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The Colockum elk herd inhabits a mix of public and private lands northeast of Ellensburg between Blewett Pass of the Cascade Range and west of the Columbia River (fig. 35). The population ranges between 4,000 and 5,000 animals and is partially migratory, with individuals displaying a mix of resident (63 percent of analyzed individuals) and migratory (34 percent of analyzed individuals) behaviors. During winter, many elk inhabit grassland, sagebrush, antelope bitterbrush, and ponderosa pine habitats in the Whiskey Dick, Quilomene, and Colockum Wildlife Areas and the eastern reaches of the Naneum State Forest. As spring green up of vegetation nears, migratory elk travel northwest toward summer ranges in the Wenatchee...
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The Area 17-Toiyabe mule deer herd inhabits the Shoshone Mountains and Toiyabe Range, which run north to south in central Nevada (fig. 11). Mule deer from the Shoshone Mountains and Toiyabe Range are characterized by short distance migrations from high elevations above 7,874 ft (2,400 m), down to 5,577 ft (1,700 m). Since the 1920s, the lower elevation slopes east of Toiyabe Dome, between Wisconsin Creek and Broad Creek and locally known as Toiyabe bench, have been documented by the Nevada Department of Wildlife as crucial mule deer winter range. Because of the value of this habitat for mule deer, the BLM closed the area to domestic livestock grazing in 1983 (Nevada Department of Wildlife, 1985). In 2018, in collaboration...
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The Mount Dome pronghorn herd contains a mixture of residents and short distance, elevation-based migrants, but this herd does not migrate between traditional summer and winter seasonal ranges. Instead, much of the herd displays a somewhat nomadic migratory tendency, slowly moving up or down elevational gradients. Long distance movements from this herd are rare since it is largely surrounded by geographical and anthropogenic features with low permeability to movement. Some individuals used higher elevation areas throughout the summer, though this pattern was not ubiquitous. Therefore, annual home ranges were modeled using year-round data to demarcate high use areas (fig. XXX). Drought, increasing fire frequency,...
map background search result map search result map California Mule Deer Mendocino Migration Stopovers California Pronghorn Clear Lake Migration Routes California Pronghorn Lassen Migration Routes California Pronghorn Mount Dome Annual Range Nevada Mule Deer Area 17-Toiyabe Migration Stopovers Nevada Mule Deer Area 17-Toiyabe Winter Range Oregon Mule Deer Beulah-Malheur Stopovers Oregon Mule Deer Klamath Basin Migration Corridors Oregon Mule Deer Klamath Basin Winter Ranges Oregon Mule Deer Northside Winter Ranges Washington Elk Colockum Migration Corridors California Pronghorn Mount Dome Annual Range Nevada Mule Deer Area 17-Toiyabe Migration Stopovers Nevada Mule Deer Area 17-Toiyabe Winter Range California Mule Deer Mendocino Migration Stopovers Washington Elk Colockum Migration Corridors California Pronghorn Lassen Migration Routes Oregon Mule Deer Northside Winter Ranges California Pronghorn Clear Lake Migration Routes Oregon Mule Deer Klamath Basin Winter Ranges Oregon Mule Deer Klamath Basin Migration Corridors Oregon Mule Deer Beulah-Malheur Stopovers