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A spruce bark beetle (Dendroctonus rufipennis) epidemic in the Copper Basin of Alaska beginning in the late 1980's has infested over 200,000 ha of white spruce forests in the region. The impact of spruce beetle-induced habitat changes on the northern red-backed vole (Clethrionomys rutilus) was investigated using mark/recapture techniques for 2 field seasons. Vole abundance and recruitment was significantly greater on low versus heavily infested sites but a large vole survival response was lacking. Vole food resources and protective vegetative cover did not vary substantially in areas with different levels of spruce mortality. Male movement distances were influenced by sex ratio, and females appeared to respond to...
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Chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta ) are important for subsistence and commercial harvest in Alaska. Variability of returns to western Alaskan drainages that caused economic hardship for stakeholders has led to speculation about reasons, which may include both anthropogenic and environmental causes in the marine environment. Mixed stock analysis (MSA) compares genetic information from an individual caught at sea to a reference baseline of genotypes to assign it to its population of origin. Application of genetic baselines requires several complex steps that can introduce bias. The bias may reduce the accuracy of MSA and result in overly-optimistic evaluations of baselines. Moreover, some applications that minimize bias...
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Winter browsing of birch leads to chemical changes in leaves of the following growing season, potentially generating differences in the quality of leachates derived from leaf litter and in leachate use by stream microorganisms. The effects of moose browsing were tested on leachates from leaves collected from browsed and unbrowsed trees and inoculated with microbial communities. Respiration and bacterial abundance were used to assess qualitative differences in leachates. Microbes cultured in leachates derived from leaves of browsed trees had significantly higher rates of oxygen uptake. There were no significant differences in bacterial abundance between treatments. The basis for the qualitative difference in leachates...
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Summary: "I studied marten (Martes americana) abundance and ecology in the Yukon-Charley Rivers National Preserve during 1991-1993. Using a multiple sample, mark-recapture estimator, I estimated marten densities to be 0.69, 0.41, and 0.45 martens/km2 during each August for 1991-1993, respectively. Density estimates were derived with the boundary-strip method to address the edge effect inherent in live-trapping studies. During the study, marten density declined 43% between 1991 and 1992 and remained low during 1993. I hypothesize that a decline in primary prey (i.e., microtine rodents) and increased environmental stress (i.e., cold temperatures and snow cover) contributed significantly to the decline in marten abundance....
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The Lower Ship Creek Fishery in the city of Anchorage, Alaska is one of the state's most popular sport fisheries. After years of channelization and development, this social-ecological system (SES) continues to experience the effects of urbanization and is struggling to achieve robustness. I apply a robustness framework to the management of this fishery because of its semi-engineered nature. This framework uses interdisciplinary methods to study the interrelationships between its socio-economic and ecological components. Robustness is more appropriate than resilience as an analytical framework because of the relative insensitivity of the engineered components to ecological feedbacks. On Lower Ship Creek, the engineered...
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"A region of concern for persistent organic pollutants (POPs) contamination is the Arctic, because of POPs' ability to migrate long distances through the atmosphere toward cold regions, condense out of the atmosphere in those regions, deposit in sensitive arctic ecosystems and bioaccumulate in Arctic species. Thus, monitoring of POP concentrations in the Arctic is necessary. However, traditional active air monitoring techniques for POPs may not be feasible in the Arctic, because of logistics and cost. While these issues may be overcome using passive air sampling devices, questions arise about the interpretation of the contaminant concentrations detected using the passive air samplers. In this dissertation semi-permeable...
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Contents: Introduction -- The Northway Whitefish Project -- Theoretical approach -- Thesis structure -- Background and methods -- Gender, knowledge, and environmental change related to humpback whitefish (Coregonus pidschian) in Interior Alaska -- Time, expertise, and more time : four heuristics for developing trust between researchers and residents in participatory studies of subsistence resources -- Generating knowledge and questions about humpback whitefish (Coregonus pidschian) in Interior Alaska though connecting local and scientific experts -- Synthesis and discussion -- References -- Appendix 1. Northway guide to researchers -- Appendix 2. Interview guides used during this study -- Appendix 3. Release forms...
map background search result map search result map Winter vertebrate browsing of birch: effects on the use of leaf litter leachates by stream microorganisms Abundance and ecology of martens (Martes americana) in Interior Alaska Linking local knowledge and fisheries science : the case with humpback whitefish (Coregonus pidschian) in Interior Alaska An analysis of using semi-permeable membrane devices to assess persistent organic pollutants in ambient air of Alaska Urban stream management: An interdisciplinary assessment of the Ship Creek fishery Response of northern red-backed vole (Clethrionomys rutilus) populations to a major spruce beetle infestation in the Copper River Basin, Alaska Urban stream management: An interdisciplinary assessment of the Ship Creek fishery Linking local knowledge and fisheries science : the case with humpback whitefish (Coregonus pidschian) in Interior Alaska Winter vertebrate browsing of birch: effects on the use of leaf litter leachates by stream microorganisms Response of northern red-backed vole (Clethrionomys rutilus) populations to a major spruce beetle infestation in the Copper River Basin, Alaska Abundance and ecology of martens (Martes americana) in Interior Alaska An analysis of using semi-permeable membrane devices to assess persistent organic pollutants in ambient air of Alaska