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Understanding Post-fire Transformations in Inland Northwest Forests and Shrublands Vegetation transformations after wildfires are a growing issue for forest and shrubland managers in the Inland Pacific Northwest. Severe fires combined with persistent drought and invasive species can slow or prevent the recovery of burned forests and shrublands to their pre-fire states, resulting in ecological, economic, and cultural losses. Forests may be converted to shrub fields or grasslands, and shrublands may be replaced by invasive grasses. While shrublands and grasslands can be important components of these ecosystems, there is growing concern about the increased extent of these vegetation types on the landscape. Despite the severe post-fire vegetation transformations, little is known about where, when,... Categories: Data, Project; Types: Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, Shapefile; Tags: 2023, Annual Grass Invasion, CASC, Drought, Fire and Extreme Weather, Drought, Fire and Extreme Weather, All tags... Fire, Fire, Forests, Forests, Grasslands and Plains, Grasslands and Plains, Invasive Species, Landscapes, Landscapes, Northwest, Northwest CASC, Other Landscapes, Other Landscapes, Post-Fire Vegetation Transformations, Projects by Region, State-Shift, Wildlife and Plants, Wildlife and Plants, Fewer tags Reducing Wildfire Risk While Maintaining Critical Monarch Habitat Along the California Coast The California Coast has hundreds of tree groves where dual management practices aim to reduce the risk of fire and to conserve habitat for overwintering monarch butterflies. As the climate changes, longer high-intensity droughts can increase mortality and/or limb loss in grove trees which causes an accumulation of fire-prone fuels. Moreover, these trees provide the critical habitat for overwintering monarch butterflies. Every year only certain trees in certain groves accumulate clusters of thousands of monarch butterflies. Should trees die or important roosting branches collapse, monarchs may not return in the future. The overall goal of this project is to understand how the dual management goals of fire management... Categories: Data, Project; Types: Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, Shapefile; Tags: 2023, Adaptive Management, Air Quality, CASC, Climate, All tags... Critical Habitat, Drought, Fire and Extreme Weather, Drought, Fire and Extreme Weather, Fire, Fire, Forests, Forests, Landscapes, Landscapes, Microclimate, Monarch Butterfly, Other Wildlife, Other Wildlife, Plants, Plants, Prescribed Burning, Projects by Region, Southwest, Southwest CASC, Wildlife and Plants, Wildlife and Plants, Fewer tags Developing Regression Equations for Estimating Low-Flow Frequency Statistics at Ungaged Locations in New York, Excluding Long Island Summary: The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) New York Water Science Center (NYWSC) operates a monitoring network of streamgages in New York collecting water-resources information, reported in near-real time, which can be used for computing long-term low-flow statistics. This study aims to determine low-flow and mean annual flow statistics for all continuous streamgages in New York State. Regional regression equations will be developed to estimate the computed statistics for ungaged locations in New York from the relation of computed statistics at gaged locations to various physical and climate characteristics of the drainage areas contributing flows. The equations and basin characteristics will be available at U.S.... Categories: Data, Project; Types: Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, Shapefile; Tags: National Streamflow Information Program, USGS New York Water Science Center, WSC Water Quality Data for Tributaries to Lake Ontario in New York-- Great Lakes Restoration Initiative, Lakewide Impairment Study Lake Ontario is the easternmost Great Lake and has a direct drainage area of 24,720 square miles (mi2)(excluding the Niagara River and upper Great Lakes watershed), and is bounded by the Canadian Province of Ontario to the north and west and New York State to the south and east. Lake Ontario receives its primary inflow from the watersheds of the upper Great Lakes through the Niagara River near Youngstown, New York, a drainage area of 263,700 mi2. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is administering a program called the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative (GLRI), which was launched in 2010 to accelerate efforts to protect and restore the health of all the Great Lakes USEPA GLRI Action Plan I & II, (Great... Categories: Data, Project; Types: Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, Shapefile; Tags: Climate Impacts, Climate Impacts, Climate impacts, Contaminants, Natural, Contaminants, Natural, All tags... Contaminants, Organic, Contaminants, Organic, Contaminants, natural, Contaminants, organic, Cooperative Water Program, Groundwater and Streamflow Information, Groundwater and Streamflow Information, New York, Sediment, Sediment, Sediment, Surface-Water Monitoring, Surface-Water Monitoring, Surface-Water Monitoring, Surface-Water Quality Monitoring, Surface-Water Quality Monitoring, Surface-Water-Quality Monitoring, Tributaries to Lake Ontario, USGS New York Water Science Center, WSC, Water Quality, Water Quality, Water Quality, Water quality, Fewer tags Development of a Ground-Water Flow Model for the Manhasset Neck Peninsula, Nassau County, New York Problem The ground-water flow system underlying the Manhasset Neck Peninsula, which provides potable water to the local population, consists of a complex assemblage of Pleistocene- and Cretaceous-age sediments that form five aquifers and at least two confining units. Recent hydrogeologic mapping in Manhasset Neck indicates significant glacial erosion of the Magothy aquifer, Raritan Clay, and Lloyd aquifer, and several gaps in the confining units that overlie the North Shore and Lloyd aquifers. Five areas of salt-water intrusion have been delineated, two of which are considered active. Several public-supply wells on the Manhasset Neck Peninsula have been shut down in the past as a result of saltwater intrusion.... Categories: Data, Project; Types: Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, Shapefile; Tags: Complete, Completed, Cooperative Water Program, GW Model, GW Model, All tags... GW model, GW or SW, GW or SW, GW or SW, Groundwater Monitoring, Groundwater Monitoring, Groundwater Monitoring, Groundwater and Streamflow Information, Groundwater and Streamflow Information, Groundwater-Flow Modeling, Groundwater-Flow Modeling, Groundwater-Flow Modeling, Groundwater-Quality Monitoring, Groundwater-Quality Monitoring, Groundwater-Quality Monitoring, Hydrogeologic Characterization, Hydrogeologic Characterization, Hydrogeologic Characterization, Manhasset Neck Peninsula, Long Island, Nassau County, New York, Real-time Monitoring, Real-time Monitoring, Real-time Monitoring, USGS New York Water Science Center, WSC, Water Quality, Water Quality, Water Use and Availability Science, Water Use and Availability Science, Fewer tags Geohydrology of the Valley-Fill Aquifer in Upper Buttermilk Creek/Danby Creek Valleys, Town of Danby, Tompkins County, New York Problem - The valley-fill deposits in Upper Buttermilk Creek/Danby Creek valleys are sources of water for many homeowners, farms, and small businesses that are in this valley. The aquifer was mapped by Miller (2000) and identified as one of the 17 aquifers in Tompkins County that needs to be studied in more detail. However, there is little geohydrologic data in the valley. A cluster of wells in Upper Buttermilk valley are finished in sand and gravel, indicating that there is a sand and gravel aquifer in, at least, part of the valley. The Upper Buttermilk Creek/Danby Creek valleys are "through valleys"-- a part of a valley where the bedrock floor rose to land surface and formed a preglacial surface-water divide.... Categories: Data, Project; Types: Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, Shapefile; Tags: Aquifer Mapping, Aquifer Mapping, Aquifer Mapping, Borehole Geophysics, Completed, All tags... Cooperative Water Program, Danby Creek Valleys, Geophysics, Geophysics, Hydrogeologic Characterization, Hydrogeologic Characterization, Hydrogeologic Characterization, Hydrogeologic Characterization, NY, New York, Tompkins County, Town of Danby, USGS New York Water Science Center, Upper Buttermilk Creek Valleys, WSC, Water Use and Availability Science, Water Use and Availability Science, discharge, geohydrology, groundwater, maps, recharge, surface water, water quality, wells, Fewer tags Hydrologic-Data Collection in the Five Boroughs of New York City Problem Previous hydrologic studies have indicated that there may be sufficient water resources underlying Queens, Kings, Richmond, New York, and Bronx Counties for use as a supplemental water supply in times of drought or other emergency. An extensive ground-water and surface-water monitoring program is necessary to provide a comprehensive hydrologic data set for use in ongoing and future ground-water investigations. Objective The project will provide a continuous hydrologic data set needed for resource assessment, planning, and protection. To meet this objective the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the New York City Department of Environmental Protection, maintains and operates a network of approximately... Categories: Data, Project; Types: Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, Shapefile; Tags: Climate Impacts, Climate Impacts, Climate impacts, Contaminants, Emerging, Contaminants, Emerging, All tags... Contaminants, Microbial, Contaminants, Microbial, Contaminants, Natural, Contaminants, Natural, Contaminants, Organic, Contaminants, Organic, Contaminants, emerging, Contaminants, microbial, Contaminants, natural, Contaminants, organic, Cooperative Water Program, Drought, Drought, Drought, Energy Resources, Flood Inundation, Flood Inundation, Flood Inundation, GW or SW, GW or SW, GW or SW, Groundwater Monitoring, Groundwater Monitoring, Groundwater Monitoring, Groundwater and Streamflow Information, Groundwater and Streamflow Information, Human Health Activities Program, Low Flow or Peak Flow, Low Flow or Peak Flow, Low flow or peak flow, New York, New York City, Real Time Monitoring, Saltwater Intrusion, Saltwater Intrusion, Saltwater intrusion, Surface-Water Monitoring, Surface-Water Monitoring, Surface-Water Monitoring, Toxic Substance Hydrology, USGS New York Water Science Center, WSC, Water Quality, Water Quality, Water quality, Fewer tags Development and Operation of Groundwater, Surface-Water, and Water-Quality Monitoring Networks in Richmond, New York, and Bronx Counties, New York Problem Previous hydrologic studies have indicated that there may be sufficient water resources underlying Richmond, New York, and Bronx Counties for use as a supplemental water supply by the New York City Department of Environmental Protection (NYCDEP) in times of a drought or other water shortage. Unfortunately, comprehensive data on the quantity and quality of the Counties' water resources are not available to make an accurate assessment. In order to evaluate the availability and suitability of these resources, representative and timely data on the ground-water and surface-water resources of these three Counties are needed. Objectives The primary objective is to develop, operate, and maintain long-term monitoring... Categories: Data, Project; Types: Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, Shapefile; Tags: Bronx County, Completed, Cooperative Water Program, GW or SW, GW or SW, All tags... GW or SW, Groundwater Monitoring, Groundwater Monitoring, Groundwater Monitoring, Groundwater and Streamflow Information, Groundwater and Streamflow Information, Groundwater-Quality Monitoring, Groundwater-Quality Monitoring, Groundwater-Quality Monitoring, New York, New York County, Richmond County, Streamgaging and Hydroacoustics, Surface-Water Monitoring, Surface-Water Monitoring, Surface-Water Monitoring, Surface-Water Quality Monitoring, Surface-Water Quality Monitoring, Surface-Water-Quality Monitoring, USGS New York Water Science Center, WSC, Water Quality, Water Quality, Water Quality, Water quality, Fewer tags Effects of acid rain on the ecological health of Long Island’s forests and ponds BACKGROUND Air emissions from the combustion of fossil fuels in electrical power plants, building heating systems and vehicles are the major source of gaseous sulfur (SOx) and nitrogen (NOx) oxides in the atmosphere. These oxides dissolve in atmospheric moisture forming ions which are deposited by rain, snowfall and dust particles as acidic deposition. Acidic deposition releases soluble aluminum from the soil which can reach toxic concentrations in adjacent water bodies such as streams and wetlands. Acidic deposition also removes important nutrients such as calcium, potassium and magnesium from the soil negatively impacting local flora and fauna. Depletion of calcium combined with excess aluminum makes forest... Categories: Data, Project; Types: Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, Shapefile; Tags: Acid Rain, Biogeochemical and Hydrologic Assessment, Biogeochemical and Hydrologic Assessment, BiogeochemicalandHydrologicAssessment, Clean Water Act, All tags... Completed, Cooperative Water Program, Ecosystem Health, Ecosystem Health, Long Island, Pine Barrens, USGS New York Water Science Center, WSC, Water Quality, Water Quality, Water quality, Fewer tags Geohydrology of the Valley‐fill Aquifer in the Lower Fall Creek Valley, Town of Dryden, Tompkins County, New York PROBLEM The valley‐fill aquifer in the lower Fall Creek valley (designated as aquifer 4, fig. 1), within the Towns of Dryden and Groton, was mapped by Miller (2000) and identified as one of 17 unconsolidated aquifers in Tompkins County that need to be studied in more detail. The east end of the valley (near the Tompkins and Cortland County border) is on the backside of a large morainal plug, which is part of the Valley Heads Moraine. A large system of springs discharge from the backside of the moraine and forms part of the headwaters to Fall Creek. The valley‐fill aquifer thins and pinches out to the west (figs. 1 and 2)— where the valley is floored by bedrock and becomes a “hanging valley” to Cayuga Lake trough.... Categories: Data, Project; Types: Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, Shapefile; Tags: Cornell University, Fall Creek, Groundwater Monitoring, Groundwater and Streamflow Information, Groundwater-Quality Monitoring, All tags... Hamlet of Etna, Hydrogeologic Characterization, New York, Source Water or Drinking Water, Surface-Water Quality Monitoring, Tompkins County, Town of Dryden, Town of Groton, USGS New York Water Science Center, Village of Freeville, WSC, Water Quality, Water Use and Availability Science, aquifer mapping, Fewer tags Assessing Spatiotemporal Patterns in Fish Assemblages from Acid-Sensitive Streams in the Adirondack and Catskill Mountains Background With few exceptions, the contemporary and past effects of acidification on fish populations and communities in streams across acid-sensitive regions of NY have not been documented. The pervasive lack of information only permits anecdotal insight into the spatial effects of acidification on stream-fish assemblages and essentially precludes any broad effort to quantify temporal trends and potential recovery of fish assemblages in less acidic or less toxic streams. Though the effects of acidification on fish assemblages have been qualified in several streams of the eastern Adirondacks during 1979, the 1980s, and early 2000s, (Schofield and Driscoll 1987; Simonin et al. 2005) quantitative impacts were... Categories: Data, Project; Types: Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, Shapefile; Tags: Adirondack Mountains, Aquatic Community Health, Aquatic Community Health, Aquatic Community Health, Catskill Mountains, All tags... Cooperative Water Program, Ecosystem Health, Ecosystem Health, NY, New York, USGS New York Water Science Center, WSC, Water Quality, Water Quality, Water quality, acid rain, fish, streams, Fewer tags Ecological Implications of Mangrove Forest Migration in the Southeastern U.S. Coastal wetlands purify water, protect coastal communities from storms, sequester (store) carbon, and provide habitat for fish and wildlife. They are also vulnerable to climate change. In particular, changes in winter climate (warmer temperatures and fewer freeze events) may transform coastal wetlands in the northern Gulf of Mexico, as mangrove forests are expected to expand their range and replace salt marshes. The objective of this research was to evaluate the ecological implications of mangrove forest migration and salt marsh displacement. As part of this project, researchers identified important thresholds for ecosystem changes and highlighted coastal areas in the southeastern U.S. (e.g., Texas, Louisiana,... Categories: Data, Project; Types: Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service, Shapefile; Tags: 2012, CASC, Climate change, Completed, FY 2012, All tags... Forests, Forests, Grasslands and Plains, Grasslands and Plains, Landscapes, Landscapes, Projects by Region, Sea-Level Rise and Coasts, Sea-Level Rise and Coasts, Southeast, Southeast CASC, Southeast Climate Science Center, Water, Coasts and Ice, Water, Coasts and Ice, Wetlands, Wetlands, coastal wetlands, mangroves, salt marsh, Fewer tags Hydrologic Climate Change Indicators Background Streams and rivers are an important environmental resource and provide water for many human needs. Streamflow is a measure of the volume of water carried by rivers and streams. Changes in streamflow can directly influence the supply of water available for human consumption, irrigation, generating electricity, and other needs. In addition, many plants and animals depend on streamflow for habitat and survival. Streamflow naturally varies over the course of a year. For example, rivers and streams in many parts of the country have their highest (peak) flow when snow melts in the spring. The amount of streamflow is important because high flows can cause erosion and damaging floods, while very low flows... Categories: Data, Project; Types: Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, Shapefile; Tags: Climate Change, Climate Change, Climate Impacts, Climate Impacts, Climate impacts, All tags... ClimateChange, Completed, Cooperative Water Program, Ecosystem Health, Ecosystem Health, GW or SW, GW or SW, GW or SW, USGS New York Water Science Center, WSC, all U.S. states, Fewer tags Rockland County Water-Resource Assessment INTRODUCTION • Concerns over the viability of the fractured bedrock aquifer that provides about 1/3 of Rockland County’s water supply prompted a 5-year study by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to (1) define the hydrogeologic framework of the aquifer, (2) assess conditions within it, and (3) identify other potential sources of water for the County. The study was done in cooperation with Rockland County and the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation. • Population growth in Rockland County to nearly 300,000 people has been paralleled by significant hydrologic changes over the past 50 years –water demand and impervious surface area have increased, and sanitary sewers now serve most areas and discharge... Categories: Data, Project; Types: Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, Shapefile; Tags: Completed, Cooperative Water Program, GW or SW, GW or SW, GW or SW, All tags... Geophysics, Geophysics, Groundwater-Flow Modeling, Groundwater-Flow Modeling, Groundwater-Flow Modeling, Groundwater-Quality Monitoring, Groundwater-Quality Monitoring, Groundwater-Quality Monitoring, Hydrogeologic Characterization, Hydrogeologic Characterization, Hydrogeologic Characterization, Hydrogeologic Characterization, NY, New York, Rockland County, USGS New York Water Science Center, WSC, Water Quality, Water Quality, Water Use and Availability Science, Water Use and Availability Science, aquifer, fractured-bedrock, groundwater, hydrogeology, water use, Fewer tags The Use of Solute-transport Methods to Estimate Time-varying Nitrogen Loading Rates to the Peconic Estuary Resulting from Wastewater and Fertilizer Inputs to Groundwater in Suffolk County, New York (Peconic Solute Transport) Problem The Peconic Estuary of eastern Long Island, New York, is undergoing development as the region transitions from a rural area dependent on agriculture and tourism to a suburban one with a larger year-round population. The glacial and coastal-plain sediments underlying Long Island comprise a sole-source aquifer system that supplies the region’s communities with potable water. The area surrounding the Peconic Estuary was intensely farmed prior to suburbanization. Nitrogen loading from past fertilizer use was high as estimated from historical information and the continued detection of legacy effects in the aquifer system. In some areas, the peak or bolus of agricultural nitrogen loading from practices several... Categories: Data, Project; Types: Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, Shapefile; Tags: Cooperative Water Program, GW Model, GW Model, Geophysics, Geophysics, All tags... Groundwater-Flow Modeling, Groundwater-Flow Modeling, Groundwater-Flow Modeling, Hydrogeologic Characterization, Hydrogeologic Characterization, Hydrogeologic Characterization, USGS New York Water Science Center, WSC, Water Use and Availability Science, Water Use and Availability Science, Fewer tags