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High resolution and discrete temporal and spatial water-quality measurements in support of modeling mercury and methylmercury concentrations in surface waters of the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta The Sacramento / San Joaquin River Delta (SSJRD) is contaminated with legacy mercury (Hg) from historical mining and mineral processing activities throughout the watershed, as well as from contemporary atmospheric and industrial inputs. The current project was designed for the purpose of developing high-resolution spatial and temporal models for estimating concentrations of mercury species in surface waters of the SSJRD. The field component of the project brings together three high-resolution platforms for collecting water-quality data (fixed continuous monitoring stations (CMS) outfitted with in-situ sensors, spatial mapping using boat-mounted flow-through sensors, and satellite-based remote sensing) coupled with... Categories: Data; Tags: California, Environmental Health, Geochemistry, Lower Sacramento, Remote Sensing, All tags... Sacramento, San Francisco Bay, San Joaquin Delta, Solano, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), Water Quality, Yolo, chemical analysis, environment, environmental proxies, field inventory and monitoring, field monitoring stations, field sampling, mercury, mercury analysis, mercury contamination, optical methods, remote sensing, suspended material (water), transect sampling, water chemistry, water column reflectivity, water properties, water sampling, water sampling, Fewer tags Laboratory optical measurements in support of assessing PFAS enrichment in natural foams on surface waters within the Delaware River Basin One phenomenon that has been shown to concentrate and release per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in surface water is the formation of natural foams. For surface water foams to form, surface active compounds or surfactants must be present in the water along with a source of gas bubbles. Some examples of surface-active compounds include humic and fulvic acids, colloidal particles, and lipids and proteins. The relationship between PFAS and dissolved organic matter (DOM) is important because studies have shown that DOM can affect PFAS fate and bioavailability in aquatic systems and treatment processes. The results from this assessment will improve our understanding of PFAS fate and transport in the environment.... Categories: Data; Tags: California, California Water Science Center, DOM, Geochemistry, Organic Matter Research Lab, All tags... PFAS, PFAS total oxidizable precursors, Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, Sacramento, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), Water Quality, absorbance, dissolved organic matter, environment, fluorescence, inlandWaters, water quality, Fewer tags Optical measurements for surface water samples collected within the Neshaminy Creek basin during November 2021 Here we report optical data collected as part of a collaborative study between USGS Pennsylvania Water Science Center, Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection and Water Mission Area Proxies Project. The optical measurements reported here were collected to aide in the characterization of water sources and mixtures and establish proxies (surrogates) for per- and poly-fluorinated alkyl substances within the Neshaminy Creek basin. Data are compiled into three tables: 1) full fluorescence spectra in vectorized format, 2) full absorbance spectra, and 3) summary file of commonly extracted optical indicators and field-based sensor arrays. Categories: Data; Tags: California, California Water Science Center, Environmental Health, Geochemistry, Organic Matter Research Lab, All tags... Sacramento, TDN, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), Water Quality, Water Resources, absorbance, environment, fDOM, fluorescence, organic matter, total dissolved nitrogen, water quality, Fewer tags Fluorescence sensor measurements in sediment suspensions to evaluate turbidity corrections The use of field-deployable fluorescence sensors to better understand dissolved organic matter concentrations and composition has grown immensely in recent years. Applications of these sensors to critical monitoring efforts have also grown to encompass post-fire monitoring, wastewater tracking, and use as a proxy for various contaminants. Despite the growth, it is well known that these sensors are subject to various interferences and require corrections for temperature, turbidity, and concentration effects. Although temperature corrections are widely applicable across sensors, the turbidity and concentration corrections can be site-specific and/or sensor-specific. The corrections can even be subject to changes in... Categories: Data; Tags: DOC, USGS California Water Science Center, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), Water Quality, biota, All tags... continuous monitoring, dissolved organic carbon, fDOM, fluorescence, high frequency, in situ, optical sensor, organic matter, standard solution, turbidity, water quality, Fewer tags 2021 Organic Matter Research Lab Vectorized Fluorescence Data The USGS CAWSC Organic Matter Research Laboratory (OMRL) provides laboratory services and support to regional and national projects in the analysis of organic matter using the latest methods in absorbance and fluorescence spectroscopy. Optical measurements such as absorbance and fluorescence are used to gain insight into dissolved organic matter (DOM) composition, and can also serve as proxies for more expensive and difficult to obtain measurements. These techniques are relatively rapid and inexpensive and allow for the comprehensive tracking of DOM dynamics in aquatic ecosystems ranging from rivers and lakes to estuaries to open marine systems. Absorbance spectra and fluorescence matrices were simultaneously collected... Categories: Data; Tags: Aqualog, California, California Water Science Center, Dissolved Organic Matter, Fluorescence, All tags... Organic Matter Research Laboratory, Sacramento, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), Water Quality, climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere, fDOM, Fewer tags Longitudinal assessment of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and co-occurring inorganic and organic contaminants in Neshaminy Creek, Pennsylvania, November 2021 Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and co-occurring inorganic and organic contaminants are widely distributed in the environment and understanding their surface water sources is critical for water resource management. In November 2021, 13 sites were sampled along a stream reach in the Neshaminy Creek basin in southeastern Pennsylvania utilizing a time of travel sampling approach. The reach had known potential PFAS source inputs and documented PFAS detections in water samples. This data release describes the sampling approach, sample processing, laboratory analytical methods, and contains the results. Site (Table_1_NC_2021_Site_Info) and constituent information (Table_2_Constituents) are provided in tab... Categories: Data; Tags: Neshaminy Creek, PFAS, Pennsylvania, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), United States, All tags... Water Quality, chemical elements, contamination and pollution, ecosystem monitoring, elements, environment, field inventory and monitoring, fluorescence, geochemistry, inlandWaters, major and trace elements, optical methods, optical properties, organic pollutants, pharmaceutical contamination, pharmaceuticals, surface water quality, time of travel sampling, volatile organic compounds, water chemistry, water quality, Fewer tags Data from the development and testing of a multiparameter standard solution for fluorescent dissolved organic matter (fDOM) and algal fluorescence (fChl) (ver. 2.0, July 2022) Optical sensors measuring fluorescence of non-biological sources (e.g., dissolved organic matter, wastewater, hydrocarbons, fluorescent dyes, etc.; hereafter referred to as fDOM) are increasingly used in water quality studies because they provide proxy measurements for a variety of contaminants and constituents of concern including metals, wastewater effluent, and DOM (measured in the lab as dissolved organic carbon, (DOC)) concentrations. Similarly, sensors measuring biological (algal) fluorescence (hereafter referred to as chlorophyll (fChl) and phycocyanin (fPC), have gained popularity to measure phytoplankton concentration, biomass, and even primary productivity. As additional sensors are coupled with ongoing... Categories: Data, Data Release - Revised; Tags: California, California Water Science Center, EXO YSI, Organic Matter Research Laboratory, Sacramento, All tags... USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), Water Quality, continuous monitoring, environment, fChl, fDOM, fPC, fluorescence, high frequency, optical sensor, organic matter, standard solution, water quality, Fewer tags Environmental Sampling to Characterize Surface-Water Quality at 32 Sites Across the Potomac River Watershed, 2022 This data release presents chemical results from investigations of surface-water quality in the Potomac River watershed (encompassing Washington, D.C. and parts of West Virginia, Virginia, Pennsylvania, and Maryland) conducted during low-flow conditions in July through September of 2022. This sampling campaign was conducted at 32 stream sites throughout the watershed (Table 1). A suite of field parameters and inorganic and organic chemical characteristics at each site were characterized using seven separate analytical methods at five laboratories (Table 2). The water-quality results are presented in Table 3. Analytical methods and laboratories used were (1) major anions by ion chromatography at the U.S. Geological... Categories: Data; Tags: Chesapeake Bay Watershed, Environmental Health, Maryland, PFAS, Pennsylvania, All tags... Potomac River, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), Virginia, Washington, D.C., Water Quality, Water Resources, West Virginia, biota, fluorescence, major and trace elements, optical properties, pesticides, pharmaceuticals, river reaches, streamflow, surface water, surface water quality, volatile organic compounds, wastewater discharge, water chemistry, water quality, water resources, Fewer tags 2021 Organic Matter Research Lab Full Spectra Absorbance Data The USGS CAWSC Organic Matter Research Laboratory (OMRL) provides laboratory services and support to regional and national projects in the analysis of organic matter using the latest methods in absorbance and fluorescence spectroscopy. Optical measurements such as absorbance and fluorescence are used to gain insight into dissolved organic matter (DOM) composition, and can also serve as proxies for more expensive and difficult to obtain measurements. These techniques are relatively rapid and inexpensive and allow for the comprehensive tracking of DOM dynamics in aquatic ecosystems ranging from rivers and lakes to estuaries to open marine systems. Absorbance spectra and fluorescence matrices were simultaneously collected... Categories: Data; Tags: Absorbance, Aqualog, California, California Water Science Center, Dissolved Organic Matter, All tags... Organic Matter Research Laboratory, Sacramento, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), Water Quality, climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere, Fewer tags Data from the development and testing of a multiparameter standard solution for fluorescent dissolved organic matter (fDOM) and algal fluorescence (fChl) Note: this data release has been superseded by version 2.0, available here: https://doi.org/10.5066/P91LJNAU Optical sensors measuring fluorescent dissolved organic matter (fDOM) are increasingly being used in water quality studies because they provide proxy measurements for dissolved organic matter concentrations (DOC). Similarly, chlorophyll-a (chl-a) fluorescence sensors have gained popularity as a means to measure phytoplankton concentration, biomass, and even primary productivity using various approaches. As additional sensors are grouped for in situ monitoring, field calibration checks are becoming quite time consuming for even the basic set of sensors (i.e. pH, specific conductivity, turbidity) that require... Categories: Data; Tags: California, California Water Science Center, EXO YSI, Organic Matter Research Laboratory, Sacramento, All tags... USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), Water Quality, continuous monitoring, environment, fChl, fDOM, fluorescence, high frequency, optical sensor, organic matter, standard solution, water quality, Fewer tags High resolution temporal surface water data from four continuous monitoring stations within the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta The goal of this study was to develop a suite of inter-related water quality monitoring approaches capable of modeling and estimating the spatial and temporal gradients of particulate and dissolved total mercury (THg) concentration, and particulate and dissolved methyl mercury (MeHg), concentration, in surface waters across the Sacramento / San Joaquin River Delta (SSJRD). This suite of monitoring approaches included: a) data collection at fixed continuous monitoring stations (CMS) outfitted with in-situ sensors, b) spatial mapping using boat-mounted flow-through sensors, and c) satellite-based remote sensing. The focus of this specific child page is to document the temporal high-resolution (15 minute) in-situ sensor... Categories: Data; Tags: California, San Joaquin Delta, environment, field monitoring stations, surface water (non-marine), All tags... surface water quality, time series datasets, water chemistry, water circulation, water pH, water properties, water quality, water sampling, water temperature, Fewer tags Organic Matter Research Laboratory (OMRL) The USGS CAWSC Organic Matter Research Laboratory (OMRL) provides laboratory services and support to regional and national projects in the analysis of organic matter using the latest methods in absorbance and fluorescence spectroscopy along with standard measurement of total dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen concentration (DOC and TDN, respectively). Optical properties such as absorbance and fluorescence are used to gain insight into dissolved organic matter (DOM) composition, and can also serve as proxies for more expensive and difficult to obtain measurements. These techniques are relatively rapid and inexpensive and allow for the comprehensive tracking of DOM dynamics in aquatic ecosystems ranging from rivers... Comparisons from an Aqualog Fluorometer Standardized to Quinine Sulfate Equivalents (QSE) with Excitation (ex) and Emissions (em) Equivalent to Fluorescence of Dissolved Organic Matter (fDOM) Sensors from Multiple Manufacturers Here, we present the results supporting Table 2 in Field Techniques for Fluorescence Measurements Targeting Dissolved Organic Matter, Hydrocarbons, and Wastewater in Environmental Waters: Principles and Guidelines for Instrument Selection, Operation and Maintenance, Quality Assurance, and Data Reporting. Table 2 shows comparisons from an Aqualog 800 benchtop fluorometer standardized to quinine sulfate equivalents (QSE) with excitation (ex) and emissions (em) equivalent to fluorescence of dissolved organic matter (fDOM) sensors from multiple manufacturers. Data are reported from two standard reference materials (SRM) and the mean, minimum, and maximum from 76 environmental samples. No replicates were collected for... Categories: Data; Tags: California, California Water Science Center, DOC, Organic Matter Research Laboratory, Sacramento, All tags... USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), continuous monitoring, dissolved organic carbon, environment, fDOM, fluorescence, high frequency, in situ, inlandWaters, optical sensor, organic matter, standard solution, water quality, Fewer tags Laboratory fluorescence and total dissolved nitrogen measurements for surface water samples collected from the Rio Grande during a 24-hr time period near Albuquerque, New Mexico Here, we present data supporting temporal variability and sources of PFAS in the Rio Grande through an arid urban area using high-frequency sampling and novel samplers. Data are compiled into two tables: 1) full fluorescence spectra in vectorized format, and 2) summary file of concentrations of total dissolved nitrogen and commonly extracted field-based sensor arrays. Data are reported from two sites at Rio Grande, New Mexico during a 24-hour collection period. Two field blanks, one field replicate, and two laboratory replicates are reported for 26 environmental samples. Categories: Data; Tags: California, Organic Matter Research Lab, Sacramento, TDN, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), All tags... Water Quality, continuous monitoring, environment, fDOM, fluorescence, high frequency, in situ, optical sensor, organic matter, total dissolved nitrogen, water quality, Fewer tags Stability testing results for stock solutions to standardize calibration of field fluorescence sensors Optical sensors measuring fluorescence of dissolved organic matter (fDOM) are increasingly used in water quality studies because they provide proxy measurements for a variety of contaminants and constituents of concern including metals and wastewater effluent. Similarly, sensors measuring fluorescence of chlorophyll (fChl) and phycocyanin (fPC) have gained popularity to measure phytoplankton concentration, biomass, and even primary productivity. Optical sensors require calibration using a calibration standard solution which is diluted from a working stock solution. However, preparation of stock solutions is challenging because they are difficult to prepare accurately, need to be prepared in a laboratory setting,... Categories: Data; Tags: California, California Water Science Center, Organic Matter Research Lab, Sacramento, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), All tags... Water Quality, algae, calibration, chlorophyll, environment, fDOM, fluorescence, optical sensor, organic matter, phycocyanin, standard solution, water quality, Fewer tags Spectral data for discrete surface water samples from the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta The goal of this study was to develop a suite of inter-related water quality monitoring approaches capable of modeling and estimating the spatial and temporal gradients of particulate and dissolved total mercury (THg) concentration, and particulate and dissolved methyl mercury (MeHg), concentration, in surface waters across the Sacramento / San Joaquin River Delta (SSJRD). This suite of monitoring approaches included: a) data collection at fixed continuous monitoring stations (CMS) outfitted with in-situ sensors, b) spatial mapping using boat-mounted flow-through sensors, and c) satellite-based remote sensing. The focus of this specific Child Page is to present laboratory measured spectral data associated with discrete... Categories: Data; Tags: California, Lower Sacramento, Sacramento, San Francisco Bay, San Joaquin Delta, All tags... San Joaquin Delta, Solano, Yolo, chemical analysis, dissolved metals, environment, environmental proxies, field monitoring stations, field sampling, optical methods, suspended material (water), water chemistry, water column reflectivity, water properties, water sampling, water sampling, Fewer tags Geochemical data for water, sediment, and biota in Lake Combie, California, 2017-2021 This dataset includes field measurements and laboratory analyses of surface water, bottom water (sediment-water interface), surficial (0-2 cm) sediment, pore water (0-2 cm), and biota collected in Lake Combie, California, from September 2017 through August 2021. The study area includes six sites within the reservoir where discrete samples of surface water, bottom water, sediment, and pore water were taken along the length of the reservoir at the following distances from the spillway: 0.07 miles, 0.5 miles, 0.9 miles, 1.2 miles, 1.3 miles, and 1.4 miles. The within-reservoir sites were sampled during September 2017, February 2018, and May 2018, prior to a large sediment removal operation, and again during September... Categories: Data; Tags: California, Geochemistry, Hydrology, Lake Combie, Limnology, All tags... USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), Upper Bear, Water Quality, Zooplankton, bioaccumulation, biota, chemical analysis, dissolved metals, environment, field sampling, fish, geoscientificInformation, inlandWaters, mercury, mercury analysis, mercury contamination, methyl mercury, methylmercury, optical methods, reservoir, sediment analysis, suspended material (water), water chemistry, water properties, water quality, Fewer tags Laboratory Optical Measurements From Discrete Surface Water Samples Collected During Water Quality Mapping Campaigns on the Illinois Waterway and Chicago Area Waterway Systems Fluorescence and absorbance spectra were measured in discrete surface water samples collected during three sampling campaigns (Nov 2022, Mar/Apr 2023, Jul 2023) on the Illinois Waterway (IWW) and Chicago Area Waterway System (CAWS), which are the primary drainage of the Illinois River Basin (IRB). Water sampling was conducted concurrently with a boat-based water quality mapping effort using the Fast Limnology Automated Measurement (FLAMe) system (Crawford et al., 2015). Each campaign began in the Chicago metropolitan area, and after having sampled Lake Michigan, entered into the upper extent of the IWW, sampling through the CAWS into the lower reaches of the Des Plaines River and finally the Illinois River. After... Categories: Data; Tags: Absorbance, Aqualog, California, California Water Science Center, Dissolved Organic Matter, All tags... Fluorescence, Hydrology, Organic Matter Research Laboratory, Sacramento, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), Water Quality, Water Quality, elevation, Fewer tags