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Climate refugia management has been proposed as a climate adaptation strategy in the face of global change. Key to this strategy is identification of these areas as well as an understanding of how they are connected on the landscape. Focusing on meadows of the Sierra Nevada in California, we examined multiple factors affecting connectivity using circuit theory, and determined how patches have been and are expected to be affected by climate change. Connectivity surfaces varied depending upon the underlying hypothesis, although meadow area and elevation were important features for higher connectivity. Climate refugia that would promote population persistence were identified from downscaled climate layers, based on...
TrainingsThe Climate Science Alliance hosts trainings and partners with other local organizations to hold trainings for the community throughout the year. Training topics range in subject matter and audience, reaching out to scientists, educators, planners and more.
Dam removal is often proposed for restoration of anadromous salmonid populations, which are in serious decline in California. However, the benefits of dam removal vary due to differences in affected populations and potential for environmental impacts. Here, we develop an assessment method to examine the relationship between dam removal and salmonid conservation, focusing on dams that act as complete migration barriers. Specifically, we (1) review the effects of dams on anadromous salmonids, (2) describe factors specific to dam removal in California, (3) propose a method to evaluate dam removal effects on salmonids, (4) apply this method to evaluate 24 dams, and (5) discuss potential effects of removing four dams...
This website provides information on the project’s effort to establish a network of environmental monitoring stations within the boundaries of the California LCC. Users of this web portal can view predicted distributional changes in landbird, habitat, and climate under future climate conditions and find out general information on the progress and evolution of the network.
The East Shasta Valley sub-herd of Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus canadensis nelsoni) spend most of their time on private ranchlands in Shasta Valley in the winter. This area offers patches of oak woodlands and grasslands on gentle slopes. In the spring, elk migrate to their summer range around Grass Lake, Bull Meadows, and Deer Mountain where the habitat is primarily characterized by mixed conifer timber stands of Ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa), lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) and Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii). The meadows around Grass Lake seem especially important to this sub-herd, as neonatal calves have been documented in this area since at least 1984 (Fischer 1987). Some animals from this sub-herd migrate...
The Jawbone Ridge mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) herd is a sub-herd of the Tuolumne herd, which migrate to the Jawbone Ridge flats in the winter in Tuolumne, Mariposa, and Alpine Counties. Additionally, a small sample of deer were captured from the Yosemite herd to determine herd overlap. GPS collars were normally set to take a location every 7 hours, and emit a signal Monday through Friday, 9am to 5pm. Some GPS collars were set to take a location fix every hour during periods of time when deer were thought to be migrating (May and November). The most important portion of the winter range is the Jawbone ridge flats, situated at an elevation of 4,000 feet. Deer migrate from here east into the high Sierra Nevada...
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The Blue Canyon mule deer herd winters in the western foothills of the Sierra Nevada south of Interstate 80. The winter range includes dense conifer and oak woodland that is shared with a resident portion of the herd on a mix of public and private lands. In the spring, the Blue Canyon herd migrates from their winter range eastward along two main paths both north and south of the Forest Hill Divide to higher elevation terrain near Soda Springs and the crest of the Sierra Nevada in the Granite Chief Wilderness. The summer range includes primarily mixed conifer opening up to high alpine granite near the crest of the Sierra Nevada. The population size is not well known due to limited surveys, but is considered stable...
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The Bucks Mountain-Mooretown mule deer herd winters in the western foothills of the Sierra Nevada. The winter range includes vernal pool grassland, oak woodland, and dense conifer that is shared with a resident portion of the herd on a mix of public and private lands. In the spring, the Bucks Mountain-Mooretown herd migrates along the U.S. Highway 70 corridor and high-elevation locations of the Sierra Nevada east and south to higher elevation terrain in the Plumas National Forest east of the Sierra Nevada near Quincy and La Porte, California. The summer range is primarily mixed conifer opening up to high alpine granite near the crest, and transitioning to a mix of conifer and shrub on the eastern side of the Sierra...
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The Salt Springs herd winters in the western foothills of the Sierra Nevada predominantly on private property from Tylers Corner south to Sheep Ranch. The summer range is in high-elevation terrain near Lower Bear River Reservoir and Salt Springs Reservoir. The winter range consists of mainly oak woodland habitat and the summer range includes primarily mixed conifer opening up to high alpine granite near the crest of the Sierra Nevada. The population size is unknown due to limited data. This GPS collaring project was designed as part of a region-wide effort to obtain abundance estimates for deer using fecal DNA and home range analyses, with pinpointing migration routes and identifying winter ranges a secondary priority....
We convened a workshop to finalize the draft list of focal habitats using a set of evaluation criteria based on multi-criteria decision analysis methods. Based on lessons learned from the Sierra Nevada project, this workshop is an important component of the climate-smart conservation approach in that a broad range of stakeholder and scientific expertise creates buy-­‐in into the process and provides credibility to the project, and early in-person engagements foster commitment from experts and stakeholders to participate throughout the project’s duration. We will build on the list of participants from the Chaparral Restoration Workshop hosted by the USFS in 2013. Current draft focal habitats under consideration...
Densities for five key tidal marsh-dependent bird species were modeled using boosted regression trees (Elith et al. 2008). The models are able to fit non-linear functions between environmental variables and the presence/absence or density of a species. Map values represent the probability of occurrence of a species or the density (birds/ha). Higher values in a map indicate a higher likelihood that a species will be present at a site. Bird species modeled: Common yellowthroat, black rail, clapper rail, marsh wren, song sparrow. Model outputs: Probably of occurrence, density (birds per hectare)
California’s native fishes are mostly endemic, with no place to go as climate change increases water temperatures and alters stream flows. Many of the alien fishes, however, are likely to benefit from the effects of climate change. The goal of this project is to synthesize life history traits, population trends, status, and threats, including climate change, for all fishes in the state. We have found that 25% of the endemic fishes are now in danger of extinction. Climate change in conjunction with alien species, agriculture, and dams pose the greatest threat to native fishes. Preliminary results from two regional analyses suggest that native fishes in the Sierra Nevada are slightly less (74%) vulnerable to climate...
This project developed a foundation for monitoring environmental change by identifying where and what to monitor in order to evaluate climate-change impacts. Phase 1 focused on landbirds, however a framework will be developed that recommends standardized monitoring for other taxa and environmental attributes. Phase II Deliverables produced as part of this proposed work include a Business Plan that 1) refines site selection by developing a decision model in combination with analyses of sites (or clusters of sites) arrayed by climate space, 2) works with the LCC science committee, Joint Ventures, and other partners to choose a manageable number of core monitoring variables, 3) develops and/or adopting existing protocols...
The development of sophisticated species distribution modeling techniques provides an opportunity to examine the potential effects of climate change on bird communities. Using these modeling approaches, we are relating bird data to environmental layers to generate robust predictions of current (1971–2000) and projected future species occurrence. Future bird distributions are based on regional climate model projections for the periods 2038–2070 (IPCC Scenario A2). Bird species distributions were created using the Maxent modeling technique: Maxent (Phillips et al. 2006), which is able to model non-linear responses to environmental variables. Map values represent the predicted habitat suitability; the higher the values,...
Sierra meadows are natural marvels. For millennia they have been cultural havens, hotspots ofbiodiversity and, recently, valued components of California’s natural water infrastructure. Sierrameadows absorb snowmelt in early spring and gradually release the stored water throughout thedry summer months. Healthy meadows keep cool water flowing; they also keep streams clear andclean by filtering out sediment and absorbing floodwaters. In 1889 John Muir’s laments forovergrazing in Tuolumne Meadows and in the headwaters of the Merced River prompted hisproposal to create the nation’s third National Park. In 2016, the Governor’s Water Action Plan againelevated meadows. “Meadows provide a natural storage opportunity, critically...
The winter range of the West Goose Lake Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus canadensis nelsoni) sub-herd is located north of Alturas and west of Highway 395 within the Devil’s Garden Ranger District of the Modoc National Forest. This area is characterized by juniper (Juniperus occidentalis) woodlands, and sagebrush flats with some stands of lodgepole (Pinus contorta) and ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) throughout flat, rocky terrain. From this area, a portion of the herd migrates approximately 50 miles north into Oregon’s Fremont National Forest, habitat that primarily consists of lodgepole and ponderosa pine forests. Minimal barriers exist along this migration route since the corridor primarily occurs on land managed by...
The East Shasta Valley sub-herd of Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus canadensis nelsoni) spend most of their time on private ranchlands in Shasta Valley in the winter. This area offers patches of oak woodlands and grasslands on gentle slopes. In the spring, elk migrate to their summer range around Grass Lake, Bull Meadows, and Deer Mountain where the habitat is primarily characterized by mixed conifer timber stands of Ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa), lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) and Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii). The meadows around Grass Lake seem especially important to this sub-herd, as neonatal calves have been documented in this area since at least 1984 (Fischer 1987). Some animals from this sub-herd migrate...
The East Shasta Valley sub-herd of Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus canadensis nelsoni) spend most of their time on private ranchlands in Shasta Valley in the winter. This area offers patches of oak woodlands and grasslands on gentle slopes. In the spring, elk migrate to their summer range around Grass Lake, Bull Meadows, and Deer Mountain where the habitat is primarily characterized by mixed conifer timber stands of Ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa), lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) and Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii). The meadows around Grass Lake seem especially important to this sub-herd, as neonatal calves have been documented in this area since at least 1984 (Fischer 1987). Some animals from this sub-herd migrate...
A significant portion of the interstate Carson River herd summers in the Sierra Nevada range of California and migrates to a winter range near the California-Nevada border. Herd size has declined significantly (>70%) from historical peak levels, likely due to habitat loss and vehicle collisions. A large increase in housing development and traffic along the Highway 395 corridor during the past 20 years has contributed to population declines for this herd. Significant barriers include fencing along Carson River and outlying suburban areas in Carson City, Minden, and Gardnerville, Nevada. These data provide the location of migration routes for mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) in the Carson River population in California...
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The Grizzly Flat herd winters in the western foothills of the Sierra Nevada near Grizzly Flats, California. The winter range includes conifer, vineyards, and oak woodland that is shared with a resident portion of the herd on a mix of private and public lands. In the spring, the Grizzly Flat herd migrates east to higher elevation terrain in the El Dorado National Forest, staying south of Interstate 50 and primarily north of U.S. Highway 88, to the crest of the Sierra Nevada. The summer range contains primarily mixed conifer opening up to high alpine granite near the crest of the Sierra Nevada. Although the population size of the Grizzly Flat herd is unknown due to limited surveys, it is considered stable to declining,...
map background search result map search result map Migration Corridors of Elk in the East Shasta Valley Herd in California Migration Routes of Elk in the East Shasta Valley Herd in California Winter Ranges of Elk in the East Shasta Valley Herd in California Migration Routes of Elk in the West Goose Lake Herd in California Migration routes of Mule Deer in the Carson River Herd in California and Nevada Migration Stopovers of Mule Deer in the Jawbone Ridge Herd in California California Mule Deer Blue Canyon Routes California Mule Deer Bucks Mountain-Mooretown Winter Range California Mule Deer Grizzly Flat Stopovers California Mule Deer Salt Springs Corridors Winter Ranges of Elk in the East Shasta Valley Herd in California California Mule Deer Bucks Mountain-Mooretown Winter Range California Mule Deer Blue Canyon Routes California Mule Deer Salt Springs Corridors California Mule Deer Grizzly Flat Stopovers Migration Stopovers of Mule Deer in the Jawbone Ridge Herd in California Migration Routes of Elk in the West Goose Lake Herd in California Migration routes of Mule Deer in the Carson River Herd in California and Nevada Migration Routes of Elk in the East Shasta Valley Herd in California Migration Corridors of Elk in the East Shasta Valley Herd in California