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In order to identify areas within the Mississipi River Basin (MRB) where implementing wildlife conservation actions could potentially provide the highest benefit to both local waters and the Gulf of Mexico the Miss. River Basin/Gulf Hypoxia Initiative identified a "Water Quality Priority Zone". This provisional zone of interest represents HUC-8 watersheds having the highest potential for nutrient export from agricultural sources (using nitrogen as a surrogate). The potential for nutrient export was determined using the 2002 SPARROW Mississippi/Atchafalaya River Basin Model and cropland data from the 2013 USDA-NASS Cropland Data Layer. As the results from the SPARROW model are somewhat dated (ca. 2002), we incorporated...
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Summary This study represents the first attempt to examine the spatial and seasonal variations of the surface water budget by using state-of-the-art datasets for sixteen large Canadian drainage basins with a total area of 3.2 million km2. The datasets used include two precipitation grids produced using measurements and reanalysis models, land surface evapotranspiration and water surface evaporation estimated using the EALCO model, streamflow measured at hydrometric stations, and total water storage change derived from GRACE satellite observations. The monthly water imbalance resulted from these datasets varied from 7.0 mm month−1 to 21 mm month−1 among the studied basins, which was 30% on average of the corresponding...
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The Rosenberg Regional Forum was held in Yellowknife, in Canada’s Northwest Territories between June 9th and 12th, 2009. The goal of the forum was to facilitate an exchange of information and experience that would benefit the management of water resources in the Northwest Territories. The objective of the forum was to inform the development of an NWT Water Resources Stewardship Strategy by providing a venue for discussion amongst distinguished scholars who are familiar with the science of water management and alternative approaches to water management around the globe. (From report)
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Forest- Data collected once using GIS prior to fish sampling. Our approach was to focus the study on smaller, headwater catchments because larger streams drained areas containing both hemlock and mixed hardwood forest, making forest-specific comparison intractable. In addition, most of these larger watersheds were impacted by humans (e.g., impoundments, agriculture, quarries) that could confound our assessment of the influence of hemlock. Even after limiting the study to headwater catchments, other possible confounding factors remained; we controlled for landscape variability (i.e., terrain and stream size) through the sampling design and we excluded others (i.e., minimum catchment area,beaver activity) through...
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River ice break-up is known to have important morphological, ecological and socio-economic effects on cold-regions river environments. One of the most persistent effects of the spring break-up period is the occurrence of high-water events. A return-period assessment of maximum annual nominal water depths occurring during the spring break-up and open-water season at 28 Water Survey of Canada hydrometric sites over the 1913?2002 time period in the Mackenzie River basin is presented. For the return periods assessed, 13 (14) stations are dominated by peak events occurring during the spring break-up (open-water) season. One location is determined to have a mixed signal. A regime classification is proposed to separate...
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Disinfection by-products (DBP) are formed when natural organic matter (NOM) in water reacts with a disinfectant, usually chlorine. DBPs are a health risk element and regulated under the Safe Drinking Water Act. A study was conducted to evaluate the characteristics of NOM that contribute to DBPs in 17 different drinking water systems in Alaska. In order to determine the nature of the organic matter contributing to DBPs, DBP formation potential was compared with standard water quality parameters such as UV-254, color and dissolved organic carbon (DOC), as well as pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Results showed strong correlations between UV-254 and DBP formation potential for all waters studied....
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A hydrological study was conducted between 1997 and 1999 in the subalpine open woodland of the Wolf Creek Basin, Yukon, to assess the interslope water balance variability. The water balance during the snowmelt and summer periods on four hillslopes revealed strong contrasts in process magnitudes and highlighted important factors including frost, vegetation, soils and microclimate that controlled vertical and lateral fluxes of water. Snow accounted for approximately half the annual water input, while differences in accumulation among hillslopes were related to interception properties of vegetation. Available energy at the snow surface controlled the melt sequence and the snow on some slopes disappeared up to two months...
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A water balance study was carried out during summer 2003 to determine the rate of seepage from the sewage lagoon at Mayo, central Yukon Territory. The lagoon is largely dry, with over 85% of the total area covered by vegetation or bare soil. Measurements of precipitation, inflow, and pond water level, and estimates of evaporation were made to determine the rate of seepage from the lagoon. Precipitation was measured in a network of rain gauges, inflow at the Mayo lift station, and pond water level with staff gauges. Evaporation was estimated by a modified form of the Priestley-Taylor method, and from an evaporation pan placed in an infiltration pond. Daily estimates of seepage from two infiltration ponds at the lagoon...
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To test the effects of altered hydrology on organic soil decomposition, we investigated CO2 and CH4 production potential of rich-fen peat (mean surface pH = 6.3) collected from a field water table manipulation experiment including control, raised and lowered water table treatments. Mean anaerobic CO2 production potential at 10 cm depth (14.1 ± 0.9 μmol C g−1 d−1) was as high as aerobic CO2 production potential (10.6 ± 1.5 μmol C g−1 d−1), while CH4 production was low (mean of 7.8 ± 1.5 nmol C g−1 d−1). Denitrification enzyme activity indicated a very high denitrification potential (197 ± 23 μg N g−1 d−1), but net NO 3 − reduction suggested this was a relatively minor pathway for anaerobic CO2 production. Abundances...
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Soil water content strongly affects permafrost dynamics by changing the soil thermal properties. However, the movement of liquid water, which plays an important role in the heat transport of temperate soils, has been under-represented in boreal studies. Two different heat transport models with and without convective heat transport were compared to measurements of soil temperatures in four boreal sites with different stand ages and drainage classes. Overall, soil temperatures during the growing season tended to be over-estimated by 2–4 °C when movement of liquid water and water vapor was not represented in the model. The role of heat transport in water has broad implications for site responses to warming and suggests...
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This study examined the long-term water budget closures for 370 watersheds over Canada's landmass by using 30?years' (1981?2010) data products recently produced for precipitation (P) gridded using climate station measurements, land surface evapotranspiration (ET), and water surface evaporation (E0) obtained by the Ecological Assimilation of Land and Climate Observations (EALCO) model, and observed streamflow (Q). The results show that 29%, 58%, and 83% of the watersheds were closed within 5%, 10%, and 20% of P, respectively. The positive and negative imbalances among the 370 watersheds are largely offset and the national scale average is ?24?mm?yr?1, or 4.2% of P. Water budget closures have large variation across...
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Although reliable figures are often missing, considerable detrimental changes due to shrinking glaciers are universally expected for water availability in river systems under the influence of ongoing global climate change. We estimate the contribution potential of seasonally delayed glacier melt water to total water availability in large river systems. We find that the seasonally delayed glacier contribution is largest where rivers enter seasonally arid regions and negligible in the lowlands of river basins governed by monsoon climates. By comparing monthly glacier melt contributions with population densities in different altitude bands within each river basin, we demonstrate that strong human dependence on glacier...
Habitat condition, both acres flooded and timing of inundation, were determined using remote sensing images from Landsat 5 and 8 for the Lower Klamath Basin, the representative basin for the southern Oregon and northeast California (SONEC) region. The dataset includes proportional water coverage (acres) for 8,825 distinct patches in Lower Klamath over 6 different time periods (1984-89; 1990-94; 1995-99; 2000-04; 2005-09; 2010-16), with a total of 368,301 acres of possibly foreageable land.
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With the exception of First Nations, Métis, and Inuit people, most Canadians enjoy water security. Indigenous people are ninety times more likely than other Canadians to lack piped water. These disparities result from and maintain the colonial relationship between Canada and Indigenous peoples. As displaced people with values often in opposition to neo-liberalism, Indigenous people present an existential threat to Canadian identity, this identity having been created around possession of a vast land that extends to the North Pole, and subsequent heavy resource extraction throughout this land. To maintain Canada?s national identity and the activities that support it, Indigenous people have to be pushed to the figurative...
map background search result map search result map Water Quality Priority Zone (Draft - 2014) Fish Population and Hemlock data in Delware Water Gap Seasonal Water Quality in Ship Creek, Alaska Spatial variability of hillslope water balance, Wolf Creek Basin, Subarctic Yukon Hatcher Pass Water Quality Sampling Report REPORT OF THE ROSENBERG INTERNATIONAL FORUM ON WATER POLICY TO THE GOVERNMENT OF THE NORTHWEST TERRITORIES Assessment of annual high-water events for the Mackenzie River basin, Canada Response of glacier basal motion to transient water storage Contribution potential of glaciers to water availability in different climate regimes Assessment of water budget for sixteen large drainage basins in Canada Response of anaerobic carbon cycling to water table manipulation in an Alaskan rich fen Water and heat transport in boreal soils: Implications for soil response to climate change 2013 Water Quality Report: For Us For the Environment For the Future Water balance and seepage estimates for the sewage lagoon at Mayo, central Yukon Territory Streams and Rivers Water Quality Resource Brief A national-scale assessment of long-term water budget closures for Canada's watersheds Response of glacier basal motion to transient water storage Water (in)security in Canada: national identity and the exclusion of Indigenous peoples Water Coverage Data in Lower Klamath Basin, 1984-2016 Response of anaerobic carbon cycling to water table manipulation in an Alaskan rich fen Fish Population and Hemlock data in Delware Water Gap Response of glacier basal motion to transient water storage Spatial variability of hillslope water balance, Wolf Creek Basin, Subarctic Yukon Water Coverage Data in Lower Klamath Basin, 1984-2016 Water balance and seepage estimates for the sewage lagoon at Mayo, central Yukon Territory Response of glacier basal motion to transient water storage Assessment of water budget for sixteen large drainage basins in Canada Streams and Rivers Water Quality Resource Brief Contribution potential of glaciers to water availability in different climate regimes 2013 Water Quality Report: For Us For the Environment For the Future REPORT OF THE ROSENBERG INTERNATIONAL FORUM ON WATER POLICY TO THE GOVERNMENT OF THE NORTHWEST TERRITORIES Water Quality Priority Zone (Draft - 2014) Assessment of annual high-water events for the Mackenzie River basin, Canada A national-scale assessment of long-term water budget closures for Canada's watersheds Water (in)security in Canada: national identity and the exclusion of Indigenous peoples Water and heat transport in boreal soils: Implications for soil response to climate change