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In 1954 researchers at the USGS Great Lakes Science Center conducted 11 research cruises on Lake Michigan during which 779 bathythermographs were cast to collect temperature profile data (temperature at depth). Bathythermographs of that era recorded water pressure and temperature data by mechanically etching them as a curve on a glass slide. Data was collected from the glass slide by projecting the image of the curve, superimposing a grid, and taking a photo of it, thereby creating a bathythermogram. Data collection personnel could then read the data from the curve. This USGS data release is a digitized set of those original bathythermogram print photos and the temperature and depth data the project team collected...
To investigate the role of migratory birds in the dissemination of West Nile virus (WNV), we measured the prevalence of infectious WNV and specific WNV neutralizing antibodies in birds, principally Passeriformes, during spring and fall migrations in the Atlantic and Mississippi flyways from 2001-2003. Blood samples were obtained from 13,403 birds, representing 133 species. Specific WNV neutralizing antibody was detected in 254 resident and migratory birds, representing 39 species, and was most commonly detected in northern cardinals ( Cardinalis cardinalis ) (9.8%, N = 762) and gray catbirds ( Dumetella carolinensis ) (3.2%, N = 3188). West Nile virus viremias were detected in 19 birds, including 8 gray catbirds,...
During 2010 to 2013, waterbird mortality surveillance programs used a shared protocol for shoreline walking surveys performed June to November at three areas in northern Lake Michigan. In 2010 and 2012, 1244 total carcasses (0.8 dead bird/km walked) and 2399 total carcasses (1.2 dead birds/km walked), respectively, were detected. Fewer carcasses were detected in 2011 (353 total carcasses, 0.2 dead bird/km walked) and 2013 (451 total carcasses, 0.3 dead bird/km walked). During 3 years, peak detection of carcasses occurred in October and involved primarily migratory diving and fish-eating birds, including long-tailed ducks (Clangula hyemalis; 2010), common loons (Gavia immer; 2012), and red-breasted mergansers (Mergus...
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This data set includes metal concentrations measured in a species of earthworm (Eisenoides lonnbergi) collected at various locations on the Patuxent Wildlife Research Center.
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On May 25, 2014, a rain-on-snow induced rock avalanche occurred in the West Salt Creek Valley on the northern flank of Grand Mesa in western Colorado. The avalanche traveled 4.6 km down the confined valley, killing 3 people. The avalanche was rare for the contiguous U.S. because of its large size (54.5 Mm3) and long travel distance. To understand the avalanche failure sequence, mechanisms, and mobility, we mapped landslide structures, geology, and ponds at 1:1000-scale. We used high-resolution, Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) imagery from July 2014 as a base for our field mapping. Here we present the map data and UAS imagery. The data accompany an interpretive paper published in the journal Geosphere. The full citation...
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Atlantic coast piping plover (Charadrius melodus) nest sites are typically found on low-lying beach and dune systems, which respond rapidly to coastal processes like sediment overwash, inlet formation, and island migration that are sensitive to climate-related changes in storminess and the rate of sea-level rise. Data were obtained to understand piping plover habitat distribution and use along their Atlantic Coast breeding range. A smartphone application called iPlover was developed to collect standardized data on habitat characteristics at piping plover nest locations. The application capitalized on a network of trained monitors that observe piping plovers throughout their U.S. Atlantic coast breeding range as...
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A high-resolution (10-meter per pixel) digital elevation model (DEM) was created for the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta using both bathymetry and topography data relative to current modern datum of North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88). This DEM is the result of collaborative efforts of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the California Department of Water Resources (DWR). The base of the DEM is from a 10-m DEM released in 2004 and updated in 2005 (Foxgrover and others, 2005) that used Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI), ArcGIS Topo to Raster module to interpolate grids from single beam bathymetric surveys collected by DWR, the Army Corp of Engineers (COE), the National Oceanic and Atmospheric...
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The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) assisted the Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection (MassDEP) with the Massachusetts Estuary Project (MEP), by delineating groundwater-contributing areas to various hydrologic features including ponds, streams, and coastal water bodies, throughout southeastern Massachusetts. These contributing areas were delineated over a 6-year period from 2003 to 2008 using previously published USGS groundwater-flow models for the Plymouth-Carver region (Masterson and others, 2009), the Sagamore (western) and Monomoy (eastern) flow lenses of Cape Cod (Walter and Whealan, 2005), and lower Cape Cod (Masterson, 2004). The original USGS groundwater-contributing areas were subsequently...
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In 2013, the U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency characterized water-quality stressors and ecological conditions in 100 wadeable streams across the Midwestern United States. The goal of the study was to determine the relative effects of multiple ecological stressors – contaminants, nutrients, sediment, and habitat – on ecological communities in the streams. The Midwest is an intensely agricultural region where pesticides in streams pose risks to aquatic biota, but temporal variability in pesticide concentrations makes characterization of their exposure to organisms challenging. To compensate for the effects of temporal variability, we deployed polar organic chemical integrative samplers...
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Widespread nitrate contamination of groundwater in agricultural areas poses a major challenge to sustainable water resources. Efficient analysis of nitrate fluxes across large regions also remains difficult. This study introduces a method of characterizing nitrate transport processes continuously across regional unsaturated zones and groundwater based on surrogate, machine-learning metamodels of an N flux process-based model. The metamodels used boosted regression trees (BRTs) to relate mappable variables to parameters and outputs of a “vertical flux method” (VFM) applied in the Fox-Wolf-Peshtigo (FWP) area in Wisconsin. In this context, the metamodels are upscaling the VFM results throughout the region, and the...
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Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is a zoonotic disease endemic in Central and West Africa and is the most virulent orthopoxvirus affecting humans since the eradication of variola virus (VARV). In order to assess their reservoir potential, wild-caught rope squirrels were experimentally infected via intranasal and intradermal exposure with a recombinant MPXV strain from Central Africa engineered to express the luciferase gene. After infection, we monitored viral replication via in vivo bioluminescent imaging and viral shedding via culture and PCR. MPXV infection in African rope squirrels caused mortality and moderate to severe morbidity, with clinical signs including pox lesions in the skin, eyes, mouth and nose, dyspnea, and...
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Real-time, high frequency (1-second sample interval) GPS location, water quality, and water isotope (δ2H, δ18O) data was collected in the Cache Slough Complex (CSC), located in the northern San Francisco Bay Delta (SFBD). Data was collected on 10/01/2014 for an approximate 4-hour period (10:30 – 14:30 h PST) while underway on the R/V Mary Landsteiner, a 26-foot USGS vessel. Sample water was pumped continuously through a pickup tube, passed through a 178 micron pre-filter, a de-bubbler, and diverted through a 0.2 micron filter and an unfiltered flow path to water quality instrumentation. The real-time data were recorded using a Campbell Scientific CR-6 data logger. Water isotopes (δ2H, δ18O) were logged to a separate...
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Coastal wetlands store more carbon than most ecosystems globally. However, little is known about the mechanisms that control the loss of organic matter in coastal wetlands at the landscape scale, and how sea-level rise will impact this important ecological function.
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Streamflow and phosphorus concentrations were monitored in the Assabet River in central Massachusetts in order to evaluate concentrations and loads in the river before, during, and after changes in the amount of total phosphorus that was discharged to the river from three wastewater-treatment plants. At four locations the U.S. Geological Survey collected weekly flow-proportional, composite samples of water from the Assabet River for analysis of concentrations of total phosphorus and orthophosphate. Streamflow and concentration data were used to estimate total phosphorus and orthophosphate loads in the river and compare them with total phosphorus load outputs from three wastewater-treatment plants. Data were collected...
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The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality, has quantified several measures of rating stability and the frequency and magnitude of changes to ratings through time for 174 real-time continuous streamgages active in Virginia as of September 30, 2013. Alternative flow (AltFlow) tables were developed as a method of estimating provisional flow data. They were constructed for periods with complete records of shifts and ratings between October 1, 1990 and September 30, 2013. Alternate flows consist of Qsame, the flow value from the shifted rating table used to compute the daily flow value at the time of the most recent flow measurement that corresponds to the gage height...
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From 2013 to 2015, bathymetric surveys of New York City’s six West of Hudson reservoirs (Ashokan, Cannonsville, Neversink, Pepacton, Rondout, and Schoharie) were performed to provide updated capacity tables and bathymetric maps. Depths were surveyed with a single-beam echo sounder and real-time kinematic global positioning system (RTK-GPS) along planned transects at predetermined intervals for each reservoir. A separate set of echo sounder data was collected along transects at oblique angles to the main transects for accuracy assessment. Field survey data was combined with water-surface elevations in a geographic information system to create three-dimensional surfaces representing reservoir-bed elevations in the...
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From 2013 to 2015, bathymetric surveys of New York City’s six West of Hudson reservoirs (Ashokan, Cannonsville, Neversink, Pepacton, Rondout, and Schoharie) were performed to provide updated capacity tables and bathymetric maps. Depths were surveyed with a single-beam echo sounder and real-time kinematic global positioning system (RTK-GPS) along planned transects at predetermined intervals for each reservoir. A separate set of echo sounder data was collected along transects at oblique angles to the main transects for accuracy assessment. Field survey data was combined with water-surface elevations in a geographic information system to create three-dimensional surfaces representing reservoir-bed elevations in the...
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The United States Geological Survey’s (USGS) SPAtially Referenced Regressions On Watershed attributes (SPARROW) model was developed to aid in the interpretation of monitoring data and simulate water-quality conditions in streams across large spatial scales. SPARROW is a hybrid empirical/process-based mass balance model that can be used to estimate the major sources and environmental factors that affect the long-term supply, transport, and fate of contaminants in streams. The spatially explicit model structure is defined by a river reach network coupled with contributing catchments. The model is calibrated by statistically relating watershed sources and transport-related properties to monitoring-based streamflow...
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These tables document grain-size distributions of sediment collected as part of a study on the geomorphic impacts of the March 2014 State Route 530 Landslide near Oso, Washington. This includes samples of material from the landslide deposit itself, covering a range of distinct facies present in the landslide, and samples of sand and gravel at various locations along the North Fork Stillaguamish River both upstream and downstream of the landslide. Grain size distributions of landslide material were distinguished between outwash material, till, and lacustrine material, distinct facies all present in the landslide deposit. Material coarser than 4-16 mm (sample dependent) was sieved and weighed in the field, and fine...
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In 2010, a mass mortality of pufferfish in Hawaii was dominated by Arothron hispidus showing aberrant neurological behaviors. Using pathology, toxinology, and field surveys, we implicated a series of novel, polar, marine toxins as a likely cause of this mass mortality. Our findings are striking in that 1) a marine toxin was associated with a kill of a fish species that is, itself, toxic; 2) we provide a plausible mechanism to explain clinical signs of affected fish, and 3) this epizootic likely depleted puffer populations. Whilst our data are compelling, we did not synthesize the toxin de-novo, we were unable to categorically prove that the polar toxins caused mortality or that they were metabolites of an undefined...
map background search result map search result map Prevalence of West Nile virus in migratory birds during spring and fall migration, 2001-2003 Avian botulism type E in waterbirds of Lake Michigan, 2010-2013 Streamflow and total phosphorus and orthophosphate data for samples collected in and near the Assabet River, Massachusetts, October 2008 through April 2014 Map data and Unmanned Aircraft System imagery from the May 25, 2014 West Salt Creek rock avalanche in western Colorado Pesticides in polar organic chemical integrative samplers (POCIS) for 97 Midwest U.S. streams, 2013 Biogeomorphic classification and images of shorebird nesting sites on the U.S. Atlantic coast Organic matter decomposition across a coastal wetland landscape in Louisiana, U.S.A. (2014-2015) Geospatial Bathymetry Dataset and Elevation-Area-Capacity Table for Pepacton Reservoir, 2015 Geospatial Bathymetry Dataset and Elevation-Area-Capacity Table for Rondout Reservoir, 2013 to 2014 Bathythermograph Data, Lake Michigan, 1954 Water-quality and streamflow datasets used for estimating long-term mean daily streamflow and annual loads to be considered for use in regional streamflow, nutrient and sediment SPARROW models, United States, 1999-2014 San Francisco Bay-Delta bathymetric/topographic digital elevation model (DEM) High-speed mapping of water isotopes and residence time in Cache Slough Complex, San Francisco Bay Delta, CA Puffer Mortality Data Ratings and estimated provisional streamflow for streamgages in Virginia, water years 1991 through 2013 Surficial Sediment Data on the North Fork Sitllaguamish River and State Route 530 Landslide near Oso, Washington Anomalous bioaccumulation of lead in the earthworm Eisenoides lonnbergi (Michaelsen) Simulated Groundwater-Contributing Areas to Selected Streams, Ponds, Coastal Water Bodies, and Production Wells, Plymouth-Carver Region and Cape Cod, Massachusetts Monkeypox challenge of rope squirrels: data Data Release for Metamodeling and Mapping of Nitrate Flux in the Unsaturated Zone and Groundwater, Wisconsin, USA Map data and Unmanned Aircraft System imagery from the May 25, 2014 West Salt Creek rock avalanche in western Colorado Surficial Sediment Data on the North Fork Sitllaguamish River and State Route 530 Landslide near Oso, Washington Geospatial Bathymetry Dataset and Elevation-Area-Capacity Table for Rondout Reservoir, 2013 to 2014 High-speed mapping of water isotopes and residence time in Cache Slough Complex, San Francisco Bay Delta, CA Anomalous bioaccumulation of lead in the earthworm Eisenoides lonnbergi (Michaelsen) Pesticides in polar organic chemical integrative samplers (POCIS) for 97 Midwest U.S. streams, 2013 Geospatial Bathymetry Dataset and Elevation-Area-Capacity Table for Pepacton Reservoir, 2015 Streamflow and total phosphorus and orthophosphate data for samples collected in and near the Assabet River, Massachusetts, October 2008 through April 2014 Organic matter decomposition across a coastal wetland landscape in Louisiana, U.S.A. (2014-2015) San Francisco Bay-Delta bathymetric/topographic digital elevation model (DEM) Data Release for Metamodeling and Mapping of Nitrate Flux in the Unsaturated Zone and Groundwater, Wisconsin, USA Avian botulism type E in waterbirds of Lake Michigan, 2010-2013 Ratings and estimated provisional streamflow for streamgages in Virginia, water years 1991 through 2013 Monkeypox challenge of rope squirrels: data Biogeomorphic classification and images of shorebird nesting sites on the U.S. Atlantic coast Bathythermograph Data, Lake Michigan, 1954 Puffer Mortality Data Water-quality and streamflow datasets used for estimating long-term mean daily streamflow and annual loads to be considered for use in regional streamflow, nutrient and sediment SPARROW models, United States, 1999-2014 Prevalence of West Nile virus in migratory birds during spring and fall migration, 2001-2003