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This dataset is comprised of three files containing northing, easting, and elevation ("XYZ") information for light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data representing beach topography and sonar data representing near-shore bathymetry of Lake Superior at Minnesota Point, Duluth, Minnesota. The point data is the same as that in LAS (industry-standard binary format for storing large point clouds) files that were used to create a digital elevation model (DEM) of the approximately 5.9 square kilometer (2.3 square mile) surveyed area. LiDAR data were collected August 10, 2019 using a boat-mounted Optech ILRIS scanner and methodology similar to that described by Huizinga and Wagner (2019). Multi-beam sonar data were collected...
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This dataset is a digital elevation model (DEM) of the beach topography of Lake Superior at Minnesota Point, Duluth, Minnesota. The DEM has a 1-meter (m; 3.28084 foot [ft]) cell size and was created from a LAS (industry-standard binary format for storing large point clouds) dataset of terrestrial light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data with an average point spacing of 0.137 m (0.45 ft). LiDAR data were collected August 10, 2019 using a boat-mounted Optech ILRIS scanner and methodology similar to that described by Huizinga and Wagner (2019). References: Huizinga, R.J. and Wagner, D.M., 2019, Erosion monitoring along selected bank locations of the Coosa River in Alabama using terrestrial light detection and ranging...
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The Alabama Department of Transportation (ALDOT) and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) studied several sites in the northern East Gulf Coastal Plain of Alabama to investigate effects of newly installed box culverts on the natural conditions of the streams they are traversing (Pugh and Gill, 2021). Data collection for the study spanned approximately 10 years and included before-, during-, and after-construction phases of box culvert installations at selected stream sites. The objectives of the project were to (1) assess the degree and extent of changes in geomorphic conditions, suspended-sediment concentrations, turbidity, and benthic macroinvertebrate populations at selected small streams following box culvert installation...
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Reelfoot Lake, in northwestern Tennessee and southwestern Kentucky, is home to a Federal wildlife refuge, a State wildlife-management area, and to a tourism industry that is based on hunting, fishing, birding, and the area’s unique cultural history. In 2012, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency, began a series of hydrologic investigations to support the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service in managing lake level. The objective was to develop operational models that preserved the historic patterns of variability that had characterized the lake for the past 60 years while meeting seasonal water-level targets (Heal and others, 2022). Preliminary models for gate operations...
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This dataset is a digital elevation model (DEM) of the beach topography and near-shore bathymetry of Lake Superior at Minnesota Point, Duluth, Minnesota. The DEM has a 10-meter (m; 32.8084 feet) cell size and was created from a LAS (industry-standard binary format for storing large point clouds) dataset of terrestrial light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data representing the beach topography and sonar data representing the bathymetry to approximately 1.3 kilometers (0.8 miles) offshore. Average point spacing of the LAS files in the dataset are as follows: LiDAR, 0.137 m; multi-beam sonar, 1.029 m; single-beam sonar, 0.999 m. LiDAR data were collected August 10, 2019 using a boat-mounted Optech ILRIS scanner and...
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The Bonnet Carré Spillway (BCS), located about 28 miles northwest of New Orleans, was constructed by the US Army Corp of Engineers in the early 1930s as part of an integrated flood-control system for the lower Mississippi River (MR). The BCS control structure consists of 350 individual bays that can be opened to divert water from the river to Lake Pontchartrain to relieve pressure on downstream levees. Lake Pontchartrain (LP) is hydrologically connected to the Mississippi Sound (MS Sound) and the Gulf of Mexico and is more accurately characterized as an estuarine embayment. BCS openings have occurred twelve times prior to 2019 because of high Mississippi River stages, typically in late spring. In 2019, the spillway...
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The State of Louisiana experienced widespread flooding during the extreme rainfall events of March and August 2016. The City of Central, Louisiana, which lies above the confluence of the Amite and Comite Rivers, is bordered on the east and west, respectively, by these rivers. The city incurred extensive damage from both events, in particular the August 2016 flood in which the river basins received up to 30 inches of documented rainfall. Many streamgages in the area recorded peak-of-record flood levels from the event. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the City of Central, created a digital flood inundation map library to depict estimated areal extents and depth of flooding along 14.5 and 20.2...
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The Sparta aquifer is a primary source of groundwater in north-central Louisiana with more than 60 million gallons of water per day being withdrawn in 2015, and public supply and Industry account for over 90 percent of the water-use demand from the Sparta aquifer (Collier, 2018). Concentrated withdrawals from the Sparta aquifer have caused regional water-level declines within the Sparta aquifer (McGee and Brantly, 2015). Widespread concern about the potential effects of declining water levels has brought forth many questions regarding the sustainability of the aquifer as well as continued saltwater intrusion. In cooperation with the Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development, the U.S. Geological Survey...
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Using previously published (Robinson and others, 2019) no-flow fractions and L-moments of nonzero streamflow from decadal streamflow flow-duration analysis (daily mean streamflow), probability distributions were fit to provide 27 estimated quantiles of decadal flow-duration curves, and hence the probability distributions are a form of parametric modeling that ensures monotonicity of the quantiles by non-exceedance probability (NEP). For both U.S. Geological Survey streamflow-gaging stations (streamgages) and level-12 hydrologic unit code (HUC12) catchments, as defined by Crowley-Ornelas and others (2019), the 27 quantiles were estimated and tabulated in this data release. Three probability distributions were used...
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This dataset provides numerical and categorical descriptions of 48 basin characteristics for 956 basins with observed streamflow information and 9,314 ungaged basins coinciding with 12-digit hydrologic unit code (HUC12) pour points that drain to the Gulf of Mexico. Characteristics are indexed by National Hydrography Dataset (NHD) version 2 COMID (integer that uniquely identifies each feature in the NHD) and U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) station number for streamflow-gaging station, where applicable. The variables represent mutable and immutable basin characteristics and are organized by characteristic type: physical (5), hydrologic (6), categorical (12), climate (6), landscape alteration (7), and land cover (12)....
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Human alteration of waterways has impacted the minimum and maximum streamflow in more than 86% of monitored streams nationally and may be the primary cause for ecological impairment in river and stream ecosystems. Restoration of freshwater inflows can positively affect shellfish, fisheries, habitat, and water quality in streams, rivers, and estuaries. Increasingly, state and local decision makers and Federal agencies are turning their attention to the restoration of flows as part of a holistic approach to restoring water quality and habitat and protecting and replenishing living coastal and marine resources and the livelihoods that depend on them. In 2017, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Lower Mississippi-Gulf...
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A bathymetric survey of Blue Mountain Lake, Arkansas, was conducted in May 2017 by the Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) using methodologies for sonar surveys similar to those described by Wilson and Richards (2006). Point data from the bathymetric survey were merged with point data from an aerial LiDAR survey conducted in December 2010 for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), Little Rock District. From the combined point data, a terrain dataset (a type of triangulated irregular network, or TIN model) was created in Esri ArcGIS for the lakebed within the extent of pool elevation 420 feet above the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88). Products included...
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For about 10 years, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has monitored water quality and streamflow in three agricultural drainage ditches in an effort to evaluate the influence of best management practices on water quality. These ditches are small tributaries to oxbow lakes located in the Mississippi Alluvial Plain of northwestern Mississippi--two sites (LWSR and LWT2) drain to Lake Washington and one site (BLT1) drains to Bee Lake. Streamflow was intermittent at these sites and the ditches were dry much of the year. When streamflow was present, flows were measured on 15-minute intervals and water-quality samples were collected over the course of the flow event using an automated sampler. These datasets were aggregated...
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A simple water budget includes precipitation, streamflow, change in storage, evapotranspiration, and residuals: P=Q + ET + ΔS + e. It is essential to include the managed component (i.e., the “human” component) to close the water budget and reduce the magnitude of the residuals from “natural” water budgets. Some of the largest components of managed water withdraws are public supply, irrigation, and thermoelectric. The modified water budget is: P=Q + ET + ΔS + (PS + Irr + TE) + e, where PS is public supply, Irr is irrigation, and TE is thermoelectric water use. This data release contains both the natural and managed components of the water budget for a region within the Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint (ACF) River...
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This dataset is a LAS (industry-standard binary format for storing large point clouds) dataset containing light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data and sonar data representing the beach and near-shore topography of Lake Superior at Minnesota Point, Duluth, Minnesota. Average point spacing of the LAS files in the dataset are as follows: LiDAR, 0.137 meters (m); multi-beam sonar, 1.029 m; single-beam sonar, 0.999 m. The LAS dataset was used to create a 10-m (32.8084 feet) digital elevation model (DEM) of the approximately 5.9 square kilometer (2.3 square mile) surveyed area using the "LAS dataset to raster" tool in Esri ArcGIS, version 10.7. LiDAR data were collected August 10, 2019 using a boat-mounted Optech ILRIS...
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This dataset was developed in partnership with the Tennessee Department of Environmental Conservation to determine the susceptibility of selected Tennessee reservoirs to eutrophication and potential harmful algal blooms. A R script, based on recursive partitioning and the model-based boosting routine, was used to generate regression trees that grouped Tennessee reservoirs into five endpoints along individual low-to-high gradients of Secchi depth and chlorophyll a concentrations (Green, et al, 2021; Heal and Green, 2021). Input data for these reservoirs were obtained from SPAtially Referenced Regression On Watershed (SPARROW) attributes models that estimate total phosphorus and total nitrogen loads in Tennessee water...
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Imputed salinities from either salinity or specific conductance observations and covariate data in data structures deemed suitable for statistical modeling of salinity in near-coastal environments of the northern Gulf of Mexico are provided for 15 salinity groups. The data herein were created by the 'covardr2formodel.R' script of 'covESTUSAL software' (Asquith and others, 2023), which represents terminal decisions on variable setup and transformations. The design ideal is data downloaded from this data release would be used in some path of “input” within statistical modeling software. Copious documentation of the decision process for data assembly is provided by Asquith and others (2023).
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The dataset entitled “imputedsalt_MissS” holds data structures to be relayed to statistical modeling of salinity in near-coastal environments of the Northern Gulf of Mexico. The content therein is created by the ‘covardr2formodel.R’ script that represents terminal decisions on variable setup and transformations. The design ideal is that the content of this directory would be copied to some path of “input” within a model building repository. The table in this directory would be especially suitable for both (1) formal data releases supporting as needed interpretive publications and (2) simultaneous long-term storage as copies within a model building repository in some specific terminal decisions (variable transforms...
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The dataset entitled “imputedsalt_GalBa” holds data structures to be relayed to statistical modeling of salinity in near-coastal environments of the Northern Gulf of Mexico. The content therein is created by the ‘covardr2formodel.R’ script that represents terminal decisions on variable setup and transformations. The design ideal is that the content of this directory would be copied to some path of “input” within a model building repository. The table in this directory would be especially suitable for both (1) formal data releases supporting as needed interpretive publications and (2) simultaneous long-term storage as copies within a model building repository in some specific terminal decisions (variable transforms...
The presence of salinity in shallow waters influences living resources and habitats within Gulf of Mexico estuaries. The salinity gradient is widely recognized as foundational in maintaining biological diversity and productivity of estuaries. A clear understanding of the factors controlling salinity and its variability in estuarine surface waters is essential for proper stewardship and for sustaining ecological structure and function. Salinity data are collected by numerous Federal, State, and local agencies and universities as part of routine data-collection programs. The U.S. Geological Survey compiled salinity data from existing online databases – all water samples were collected in Gulf of Mexico estuaries....
map background search result map search result map Bathymetry and Storage Capacity of Blue Mountain Lake, Arkansas. Digitized Maps of the Potentiometric Surface of the Sparta Aquifer in North-Central Louisiana, 1886 to 2012 (ver. 1.1, April 2021) Hydrologic event-based water-quality and streamflow data for three oxbow tributaries in northwestern Mississippi, 2007-2016 Summary of basin characteristics for National Hydrography Dataset, version 2 catchments in the southeastern United States, 1950 - 2010 Flood Inundation Maps for the Amite and Comite Rivers from State Highway 64 to U.S. Highway 190 – City of Central, Louisiana Heuristically-determined geospatial boundary of streams and rivers draining to the Gulf of Mexico in the south-central and southeastern United States, July 2018 Preliminary model data for lake level gate operation and discharge at Reelfoot Lake - Tennessee and Kentucky Natural and managed components of the water-budget from 2008–2012 for 43 HUC10s in the Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint River Basin, Georgia, U.S. Beach topography and near-shore bathymetry of Lake Superior at Minnesota Point, Duluth, MN, August 2019 LAS dataset of LiDAR and sonar data collected at Lake Superior at Minnesota Point, Duluth, MN, August 2019 Digital elevation model (DEM) of beach topography of Lake Superior at Minnesota Point, Duluth, MN, August 2019 XYZ files of LiDAR and sonar data collected at Lake Superior at Minnesota Point, Duluth, MN, August 2019 Distribution Models of Flow-Duration Quantiles for Streamgages Aerial Imagery, Benthic Macroinvertebrate, Topographic Survey, and Soil Survey datasets collected for a study of Effects of Culverts on the Natural Conditions of Streams in the East Gulf Coastal Plain of Alabama, 2010-2019 Benthic Algae and Phytoplankton Community and Toxin Data for Selected Stations in the Mississippi Sound, 2019 Compilation of estuarine salinity data for sites used in RESTORE streamflow alteration assessments (ver. 2.0, June 2021) Regression tree datasets used to identify trophic states in Tennessee reservoirs Imputed daily salinity and associated covariates to support statistical modeling for 91 salinity monitoring sites in the northern Gulf of Mexico Imputedsalt_GalBa Imputedsalt_MissS Digital elevation model (DEM) of beach topography of Lake Superior at Minnesota Point, Duluth, MN, August 2019 Preliminary model data for lake level gate operation and discharge at Reelfoot Lake - Tennessee and Kentucky Flood Inundation Maps for the Amite and Comite Rivers from State Highway 64 to U.S. Highway 190 – City of Central, Louisiana Benthic Algae and Phytoplankton Community and Toxin Data for Selected Stations in the Mississippi Sound, 2019 Natural and managed components of the water-budget from 2008–2012 for 43 HUC10s in the Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint River Basin, Georgia, U.S. Hydrologic event-based water-quality and streamflow data for three oxbow tributaries in northwestern Mississippi, 2007-2016 Regression tree datasets used to identify trophic states in Tennessee reservoirs Aerial Imagery, Benthic Macroinvertebrate, Topographic Survey, and Soil Survey datasets collected for a study of Effects of Culverts on the Natural Conditions of Streams in the East Gulf Coastal Plain of Alabama, 2010-2019 Digitized Maps of the Potentiometric Surface of the Sparta Aquifer in North-Central Louisiana, 1886 to 2012 (ver. 1.1, April 2021) Compilation of estuarine salinity data for sites used in RESTORE streamflow alteration assessments (ver. 2.0, June 2021) Imputedsalt_GalBa Imputedsalt_MissS Imputed daily salinity and associated covariates to support statistical modeling for 91 salinity monitoring sites in the northern Gulf of Mexico Distribution Models of Flow-Duration Quantiles for Streamgages Summary of basin characteristics for National Hydrography Dataset, version 2 catchments in the southeastern United States, 1950 - 2010 Heuristically-determined geospatial boundary of streams and rivers draining to the Gulf of Mexico in the south-central and southeastern United States, July 2018