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Fire and hydrology can be significant drivers of permafrost change in boreal landscapes, altering the availability of soil carbon and nutrients that have important implications for future climate and ecological succession. However, not all landscapes are equally susceptible to disturbance. New methods are needed to understand the vulnerability and resilience of different landscapes to permafrost degradation. This project uses remote sensing, geophysical, and other field-based observations to reveal details of both near-surface (<1 m) and deeper (>1 m) permafrost characteristics over multiple scales. This LandCarbon project currently supports the NASA ABoVE project, 'Vulnerability of inland waters and the aquatic...
Categories: Project;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Alaska,
Carbon Stock,
Disturbance,
Geophysics,
Permafrost,
The Great Dismal Swamp (GDS) project is an application of USGS LandCarbon, at the US Fish and Wildlife Service's (FWS) Great Dismal Swamp National Wildlife Refuge (NWR), and is designed to produce local-scale carbon estimates (including fluxes, ecosystem balance, and long-term sequestration rate) to include in an ecosystem service assessment in support of Department of Interior (DOI) land management activities. The project will improve the understanding of the effects of past drainage, logging, farming, and management on carbon sequestration and fire risk in peatlands. Broad Science Questions: How are ecosystem services (including carbon sequestration, wildlife viewing, water quality, and others) impacted by management...
Categories: Project;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Atlantic White Cedar,
Carbon Flux,
Carbon Stock,
Disturbance,
Ecosystem Services,
This research focuses on understanding processes controlling temporal and spatial variability in aquatic carbon fluxes in headwater streams. Headwater streams are areas of active carbon cycling because of steep topographic gradients, complex soil and vegetation patterns, and an abundance of small lakes and streams. The project will combine information from the following major components: High-frequency measurements of aquatic carbon fluxes using in-stream sensors will provide information on temporal dynamics at unprecedented resolution. A geostatistical model will be developed to characterize relations between landscape type (e.g., wetlands, forest, tundra) and aquatic C dynamics and fluxes. Variations in fluxes...
Categories: Project;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Aquatic Carbon,
Carbon fluxes,
Colorado,
Geostatistics,
Modeling,
Plot-level field data were collected in the summer of 2014 to estimate aboveground and belowground biomass in the Great Dismal Swamp National Wildlife Refuge and Dismal Swamp State Park in North Carolina and Virginia. Data were collected at 85 plots. The location of the center of each plot was recorded with a Trimble ProXH global positioning system (GPS) and differentially corrected. Data files included 1: GDS_plots.csv, 2. GDS_FWD.csv, 3. GDS_LWD.csv, 4. GDS_Shrubs.csv, 5. GDS_Trees.csv, and 6. GDS_plot_summaries.csv. The data contained in GDS_plot_summaries.csv were calculated from the GDS_plots.csv, GDS_FWD.csv, GDS_LWD.csv, GDS_Shrubs.csv, GDS_Trees.csv files using the R statistical software environment (R Core...
Categories: Data;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Biomass,
Botany,
Cover,
Duff,
Ecology,
Alaska LandCarbon Assessment
Categories: Data;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Carbon balance,
Soil,
Terrestrial ecosystem,
Vegetation,
geoscientificInformation
Fire can be a significant driver of permafrost change in boreal landscapes, altering the availability of soil carbon and nutrients that have important implications for future climate and ecological succession. However, not all landscapes are equally susceptible to fire-induced change. As fire frequency is expected to increase in the high latitudes, methods to understand the vulnerability and resilience of different landscapes to permafrost degradation are needed. Geophysical and other field observations reveal details of both near-surface (less than 1 m) and deeper (greater than 1 m) impacts of fire on permafrost along 14 transects that span burned-unburned boundaries in different landscape settings within interior...
Categories: Data;
Types: Citation,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Active layer thickness,
Alaska,
Borehole nuclear magnetic resonance,
Chatanika,
City of Fairbanks,
We identified nine study site locations, representing three mature vegetation communities [Atlantic White Cedar (desired community), tall pine pocosin (desired community), and red maple/black gum mixed (undesired community)] with typical water depth within each vegetation type. All measurements were replicated three times (3 vegetation types x 3 replicates = 9 sites total). We installed four flux chambers at each site to collect GHG fluxes from all nine sites. We measured CO2 and CH4 using a Los Gatos Research Ultra Portable Greenhouse Gas Analyzer and two-part 760 cm2 flux chambers (chamber base remained in situ; chamber top was placed on the bottom only when sampling). We checked the gas fluxes on a monthly time-table...
Categories: Data;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Ecology,
Geochemistry,
Great Dismal Swamp National Wildlife Refuge,
Land Use Change,
Soil Sciences,
Fire can be a significant driver of permafrost change in boreal landscapes, altering the availability of soil carbon and nutrients that have important implications for future climate and ecological succession. However, not all landscapes are equally susceptible to fire-induced change. As fire frequency is expected to increase in the high latitudes, methods to understand the vulnerability and resilience of different landscapes to permafrost degradation are needed. Geophysical and other field observations reveal details of both near-surface (less than 1 m) and deeper (greater than 1 m) impacts of fire on permafrost along 14 transects that span burned-unburned boundaries in different landscape settings within interior...
In this study, we determined the carbon balance in the Great Dismal Swamp, a large forested peatland in the southeastern USA, which has been drained for over two hundred years and now is being restored through hydrologic management. We modeled future net ecosystem carbon balance over 100 years (2012 to 2112) using in situ field observations paired with simulations of water-table depth. The three scenarios used in the model were baseline conditions, flooded/wet conditions, and drained/dry conditions, which represent a range of potential management actions and climate conditions at the Great Dismal Swamp. This U.S. Geological Survey Data Release provides the modeled output estimating the net ecosystem carbon balance,...
Categories: Data;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Ecology,
Geography,
Great Dismal Swamp,
Hydrology,
Land Use Change,
Inland wetlands produce, biogeochemically process and sequester carbon. Wetlands that are hydrologically connected to stream and river networks are commonly considered to be major sources of carbon that may be biologically or photochemically processed in-stream, or exported to coastal regions. However, very little is known about the potential or actual lateral carbon fluxes from different major wetland types, or the downstream fate of that carbon (rapid decomposition vs. sequestration vs. export). Major questions: What is the variability in potential carbon sources (as dissolved organic C, dissolved inorganic C, CO2 and CH4) from major inland wetland types to inland waters? What metrics and/or markers (chemical,...
Categories: Project;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Aquatic carbon,
Carbon dynamics,
Land Cover/Land Use,
Southern Rocky Mountains,
Staging,
This research focuses on understanding the rates, causes, and consequences of land change across a range of geographic and temporal scales. Our emphasis is on developing alternative future projections and quantifying the impact on environmental systems, in particular, the role of land-use change on ecosystem carbon dynamics. This project supports the development of the Land-use and Carbon Scenario Simulator (LUCAS) model. LUCAS tracks changes in land use, land cover, land management, and disturbance, and their impacts on ecosystem carbon storage and flux by combining: A State-and-Transition Simulation Model (STSM) to simulate changes in land-use across a range of geographic scales. A Stock and Flow Model to track...
Categories: Project;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: California,
Carbon flux,
Carbon stock,
Conterminous United States,
Hawaii,
Our research focuses on assessing the components of the Net Ecoystem Carbon Balance using the eddy covariance approach to measure atmospheric fluxes of heat, energy, carbon dioxide and methane and testing equipment and techniques to measure the tidal exchange of dissolved organic (DOC) and inorganic carbon (DIC). The atmospheric flux tower is located south of Solano Land Trust's Rush Ranch, a working ranch encompassing 2,070 acres of marsh and rolling grasslands that provides both recreational and educational experiences for the public (http://www.solanolandtrust.org/RushRanch.aspx). Lateral fluxes are being collected at the San Francisco Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve First Mallard water quality station...
Categories: Project;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Annual variability,
Aquatic Carbon,
Atmospheric fluxes,
Biogeochemistry,
CH4 emissions,
We are provoding a set of table and maps that provides summary of ecosystem carbon balance (pools and fluxes) as simulated by the Dynamic Organic Soil version of the Terrestrial Ecosystem Model. Simulations are provided for the historical period from 1950 to 2009 and projections from 2010 to 2099, for the four main landscape conservation cooperative regions in Alaska (i.e. the Arctic, the Western Alaska, the North Pacific and the Northwest Boreal LCCs). Projections have been conducted at 1km-resolution for two set of climate scenarios for the A1B, B1 and A2 emission scenarios of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (IPCC-SRES). The two global circulation models used...
Categories: Data;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Alaska,
Carbon balanace,
NCCWSC,
Soil,
Terrestrial ecosystem,
The disturbance team contributes to the goals of the LandCarbon project and conducts research focusing on 3 main components: (1) monitoring disturbance patterns and their impacts on carbon cycling, (2) understanding drivers creating the patterns and impacts, and (3) using scenarios of change to project future potential disturbance patterns, their interactions with other disturbances, and subsequent impacts on carbon cycling. Key research questions driving our work include: (1) Monitoring: How can remotely sensed, field-based, and other data best be used individually and synergistically to track changes in fire occurrence in ecosystem types with long fire-return intervals and the impacts on carbon? How do disturbances...
Categories: Project;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Carbon dynamics,
Carbon flux,
Carbon stock,
Disturbance,
Fire,
In addition to widespread active layer deepening, ice rich permafrost can thaw laterally, often triggering abrupt thermokarst and subsidence of the ground surface. In boreal forest, thermokarst can lead to the development of collapse scar bogs, fens, or lakes inducing large changes in the hydrological regimes. The poorly drained conditions of these features causes the development of peatlands, which store large amounts of carbon in thick surficial peat layers, but also produce substantial methane emissions. At the regional level, the climate warming effects of methane emissions from the newly formed wetlands could be greater than the climate cooling effects of increased soil carbon sequestration. These changes in...
Categories: Project;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Staging
This research focuses on assessing large scale tidal marsh restoration for the carbon co-benefits of foodweb support and carbon sequestration potential. By assessing wildlife co-benefits with carbon accounting, this project will link traditional objectives of protecting, restoring, and managing diverse wetlands to support habitats and species with carbon dynamics and sequestration. This study addresses interconnected C processes and dynamics including: * Identify carbon sources that support Chinook foodwebs * Compare to the carbon sources that are stored in peat * Determining Net Ecosystem Carbon Balance within in a reference and restored marsh * Evaluate land use and vegetation change over time * Assessing...
Categories: Project;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Carbon flux,
Food web,
Modeling,
Nisqually River Delta,
Staging,
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