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In 1992, macroinvertebrate sampling was initiated in Pools 4, 8, 13, 26, and the Open River reach of the Mississippi River, and La Grange Pool of the Illinois River as part of the Long Term Resource Monitoring Program. This report summarizes the 1997 macroinvertebrate sampling. Long-term monitoring is needed to detect population trends and local changes in aquatic ecosystems. Mayflies (Ephemeroptera), fingernail clams (Sphaeriidae), and the exotic Corbicula species were selected for monitoring. Midges (Chironomidae) were added to the sampling design in 1993 and zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) were added in 1995. Mayflies, fingernail clams, and midges, members of the soft-substrate community, were chosen because...
Largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) are an important component of the recreational and tournament fisheries in the Illinois River. From 1992 through 1994, we tagged and released 4,507 largemouth bass. Through 1995, 652 different anglers caught and reported 1,162 (24.9%) tagged largemouth bass. Including those we recaptured, of 1,473 largemouth bass for which we had the location of recapture, 985 (66.9%) were recaptured within 1 mile (1.6 km) of their release location, indicating tagged largemouth bass usually stayed in the area they were released. Fish released along the main channel were more likely to move than those released in backwaters or sloughs, and largemouth bass translocated by tournament anglers...
The Long Term Resource Monitoring Program (LTRMP) completed 2,664 collections of fishes from stratified random and permanently fixed sampling locations in six study reaches of the Upper Mississippi River System during 1998. Collection methods included day and night electrofishing, hoop netting, fyke netting (two net sizes), gill netting, seining, and trawling in select aquatic area classes. The six LTRMP study reaches are Pools 4 (excluding Lake Pepin), 8, 13, and 26 of the Upper Mississippi River, an unimpounded reach of the Mississippi River near Cape Girardeau, Missouri, and the La Grange Pool of the Illinois River. A total of 63–75 fish species were detected in each study reach. For each of the six LTRMP study...
This report summarizes monitoring activities of the Long Term Resource Monitoring Program (LTRMP) during 1999 and highlights selected results and accomplishments pertaining to hydrology, water quality, fish, macroinvertebrates, and vegetation. Mean discharge in 1999 was above average in the Upper Mississippi and Illinois Rivers, but spring flooding was relatively minor. Total nitrogen concentration has declined in the upper reaches of the LTRMP study area (Pools 4 and 8) from highs of about 4 mg/L in 1993 to present levels of about 1.5 mg/L. Mass balance budgets indicate that little nitrogen is lost (denitrified) as water moves through the LTRMP study pools on the Mississippi River. La Grange Pool on the Illinois...
The objective of the Long Term Resource Monitoring Program (LTRMP) macroinvertebrate component is to annually monitor and report trends in the status and distribution of key macroinvertebrate populations. Mayflies, fingernail clams, and midges, part of the soft-sediment substrate fauna, were chosen as target organisms for the LTRMP because of their important ecological role in the UMRS. For example, Thompson (1973) found that in fall, lesser scaup (Aythya affinis) gizzard contents contained 76% sphaeriids and about 13% mayflies. Thompson also found the target organisms to be important to canvasbacks (A. valisneria), ring-necked ducks (A. collaris), and American coots (Fulica americana) feeding in open water. A number...
The Long Term Resource Monitoring Program (LTRMP), a component of the Environmental Management Program for the Upper Mississippi River System, is administered by the U.S. Geological Survey's Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center (UMESC) in La Crosse, Wisconsin. The LTRMP supports six field stations operated by state agencies in Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, and Wisconsin ( Figure 1) to collect most of the monitoring data. Data on important ecosystem components, including water quality, vegetation, macroinvertebrates, and fish, are obtained using standardized operating procedures. Monitoring activities focus primarily on six study areas: Navigation Pools 4, 8, 13, and 26 and Open River on the Mississippi...
The Long Term Resource Monitoring Program (LTRMP) fish component monitors fish communities to test for changes in abundances and species composition in six regional trend areas of the Upper Mississippi River System. Using these data, we evaluated the ability of the LTRMP to detect changes in the fish community as a consequence of a habitat-enhancement project in La Grange Pool of the Illinois River. In 1996, initial phases of the Chautauqua National Wildlife Refuge Habitat Rehabilitation and Enhancement Project (HREP) south cell construction were completed with the goal of improving fish habitat in the pool. That year, an estimated 46 million fish representing 34 species were produced and discharged from the south...
This study used stratified random sampling to examine the spatial and temporal distribution of zooplankton communities in a large floodplain river (Mississippi River, USA). Potential mechanisms controlling zooplankton abundance and community structure were considered. Main channel and backwater habitats included in this study differed between a turbid upper pool reach where aquatic macrophytes were sparse and a lower pool reach which was considerably less turbid and had extensive aquatic macrophyte coverage. Samples were collected monthly during the summer over a 2-year period and multivariate analysis was used to examine the spatial and temporal distribution of zooplankton. Significant differences were found in...
Floodplain rivers have been conceptualized as patchwork mosaics of hydrogeomorphic zones that differ in hydrological, physiochemical, and ecological conditions. However, few investigators have empirically examined the extent to which basic ecological properties of large rivers, such as nutrient concentrations, are patchily distributed or the relationship between such distributions and water-mediated connectivity. We used global and local measures of spatial autocorrelation in 5 reaches of the Upper Mississippi River from 1994–2008 in spring (higher discharge) and summer (lower discharge) to examine distributions of total N (TN), total P (TP), and TNTP for evidence of patchiness. TN was distributed as discrete patches...
A larval specimen of G. vastus from the Mississippi River in Illinois, USA, was found entrapped by D. polymorpha. Such events may be more common than presently recognized and represent an overlooked source of mortality in late instar larvae of odonates and other sedentary insects in areas where zebra mussels are abundant.
Manual photo interpretation techniques on color infrared transparencies, traditional drafting techniques, and digitizing with ARC/INFO geographic information system software were used to produce the digital data base. The ARC/INFO coverages were converted to Environmental Planning and Programming Language Version 7 (EPPL7). The purpose of this manual is to document the procedures required on the Prime minicomputer to convert from ARC/INFO Version 5 (or earlier) coverages to EPPL7 files on a microcomputer.
A classification system for aquatic habitat in the Upper Mississippi River System (UMRS) is needed for inventory, research, impact assessment, and management purposes. The comprehensive system of aquatic habitat classification proposed here has a hierarchical structure to facilitate habitat mapping and inventory at different spatial scales and varying levels of resolution. The classification system is based on geomorphic features of large floodplain rivers, constructed features of the UMRS, and physical and chemical characteristics of aquatic habitat.
Background materials were compiled to determine what is currently known about barge fleeting on the Upper Mississippi River System. Background materials included available literature, contacts with professionals, permit information, regulatory statutes and a review of current aerial photography. Field investigations were conducted in an attempt to examine most of the fleeting areas on the Upper Mississippi and the Illinois rivers. Method of anchoring barges, distance to shore, water depths, substrate and shoreline composition, erosion, and any tree damage were noted. Fleeting areas were all located close to terminals. Barges were moored as close to the shore as water depths permitted. Trees were most often used...
Turbulence characteristics of ambient flow velocities and their comparison with those generated by the movement of barge traffic within the channel border area in a navigation waterway are discussed in this paper. The ambient velocity and the changes of velocity due to barge traffic are being continuously measured with time at three distances from the shore on one side of the Illinois River near McEvers Island. The analysis of velocity data includes the longitudinal and lateral components of velocity, turbulence intensities u' and v', and the variation of Reynolds stress (-pUV) with time. The lateral variations of Reynolds stress distributions (-pUV) for the ambient velocity and the velocity due to the movement...
Vegetation, fish, and water quality were the three components chosen for data collection for the Long Term Resource Monitoring Program during 1990. This report represents the vegetation aspect of the study done on Pool 8 of the Upper Mississippi River System. The purpose of the vegetation effort is to conduct a baseline study to document the abundance and distribution of Pool 8 terrestrial and aquatic vegetation during the next decade. Quantitative sampling along transects in 1990 provided descriptive summaries of species occurrence for selected locations within the pool. Five transects were chosen to represent Pool 8. The transects were divided into plant communities (polygons). One hundred forty-two aquatic polygons...
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