Folders: ROOT > ScienceBase Catalog > National and Regional Climate Adaptation Science Centers > Pacific Islands CASC > FY 2015 Projects ( Show direct descendants )
76 results (19ms)
Location
Folder
ROOT _ScienceBase Catalog __National and Regional Climate Adaptation Science Centers ___Pacific Islands CASC ____FY 2015 Projects
Filters
Date Range
Extensions Types
Contacts
Categories Tag Types
|
Chapter 27 of the Fourth National Climate Assessment describes changes already being felt in Hawai‘i and Pacific Islands, as well as what lies ahead. The top findings include: Dependable and safe water supplies are threatened by rising temperatures, changing rainfall patterns, sea level rise, and increased risk of extreme drought and flooding. Islands are already experiencing saltwater contamination due to sea level rise, which is expected to catastrophically impact food and water security, especially on low-lying atolls. Sea level rise has accelerated and is now damaging critical infrastructure such as transportation and housing, as well as beaches, ecosystems and cultural sites. In Hawai‘i, the value of all structures...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation
Episodic runoff carries suspended sediment to the nearshore environment, where it blocks light used for photosynthesis, smothers corals, inhibits coral recruitment, and triggers increases in macroalgae. Even small rainfalls create visible plumes over a few hours. Sediment affects coastal user enjoyment by deteriorating both ecosystem quality and visibility. Sources of erosion include unimproved roads, fallow and active agricultural fields, disturbed forests, local development, and streambanks. This is the primary output dataset from this project, which mapped bank erosion hotspots, constructed a reconnaissance sediment budget for the West Maui watersheds, and constructed a calibrated decision-support model capable...
Categories: Data;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Coral Reefs,
Pacific Islands CASC,
Rivers, Streams and Lakes,
Water, Coasts and Ice
Measurements of fog, wind, fog interception, soil moisture, and fog effects on plant water use and plant survival were collected to test a model to estimate CWI as a function of fog-water movement and vegetation characteristics.
Categories: Data;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Canopy Water Balance,
Climate Model,
Climate Variables,
Hawaii,
Soil Data,
This tool provides projections and analysis of high-tide flooding days at the locations of tide gauges. If a tide gauge does not exist at the desired location, analysis from the closest tide gauge can provide useful information. However, it is important to consider the potential impact of local factors that can differ even over short distances such as land subsidence. You can select a location in two ways: Select a location from from the dropdown menu displaying the current location name. The locations can be searched by typing in this field. Select a location by clicking on the map. Note that the map can be hidden once the desired location is chosen using the switch beneath the location name. The methodology...
Cloud-water interception (CWI) is the process by which fog or cloud water droplets are captured and accumulate on the leaves and branches of plants, some of which drips to the ground. Prior studies in Hawai'i indicate that CWI is highly variable and can contribute substantially to total precipitation. In this study, we monitored CWI and other processes at five mountain field sites on the Islands of Oʻahu, Maui, and Hawaiʻi to explore how CWI (1) varies with different climate and vegetation characteristics, (2) affects plant water use and growth, and (3) contributes to water resources. Results show that annual CWI varied from 158 to 910 mm, accounting for 3-34% of total water input at individual sites. This large...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation
Increased coastal flooding due to sea-level rise (SLR) threatens the culture, habitat, and essential infrastructure of the Hawaiian and U.S. Affiliated Pacific Islands. The purpose of this project was to respond to the needs of Pacific Island communities for improved information about the frequency of coastal flooding—both in the near term and throughout the 21st century. Seasonal sea-level and flooding forecasts were produced by combining multiple types of information into a single forecast that performs better out to six months than any individual forecast. The forecasts are provided on a website created for this project. Projections of tidal flooding for the 21st century were produced for 35 island locations...
Increasing numbers of hazardous inundation events due to climate change is a serious threat to the culture, habitat, and infrastructure of the Hawaiian and U.S.-Affiliated Pacific Islands. The information currently available to stakeholders, however, is primarily confined to maximum or mean water level and does not include how often incursions are likely to occur. We propose to quantify the effect of local factors and Pacific climate variability on the frequency of inundation events in centers of population and infrastructure in Pacific island communities. We will produce seasonal outlooks that project the number of incursions above a given level at a particular site in 3-6 month windows. We choose seasonal outlooks,...
Categories: Project;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: 2015,
CASC,
Completed,
Drought, Fire and Extreme Weather,
Drought, Fire and Extreme Weather,
Clouds often come in contact with vegetation (often named fogs) within a certain elevation range on Hawaii’s mountains. Propelled by strong winds, cloud droplets are driven onto the stems and leaves of plants where they are deposited. Some of the water that accumulates on the plants in this way drips to the ground, adding additional water over and above the water supplied by rainfall. Prior observations show that the amount of cloud water intercepted by vegetation is substantial, but also quite variable from place to place. It is, therefore, important to create a map for the complex spatial patterns of cloud water interception (CWI) in Hawaii. In this project, we created the CWI map at 0.8-km resolution based on...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation;
Tags: Climate and Ecosystem Modeling,
Other Water,
Pacific Islands CASC,
Water, Coasts and Ice
Measurements of fog, fog interception parameters, and climate variables such as wind, radiation, temperature, and humidity, along with vegetation data, to test a model to estimate CWI as a function of fog-water movement and vegetation characteristics.
U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and University of Hawaii - Mānoa (UH) scientists conducted field data collection efforts from August 19th - 27th, 2019 at Pu‘uhonua O Hōnaunau National Historical Park on the Big Island of Hawaii. The data collection efforts utilized a combination of remote sensing technologies to map the topography, critical infrastructure, and most importantly, the cultural assets of Pu‘uhonua O Hōnaunau National Historical Park. The USGS and UH team collected Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), total station, and ground based lidar (GBL) data, along with utilizing Uncrewed Aerial Systems (UAS) to collect imagery and UAS lidar to map these features. This data release contains shapefiles of...
In order to better document, manage, and adapt to the impacts of future climate variability and change on diverse natural resources in Hawaiʻi and the US Affiliated Pacific Islands (USAPI), several regional climate research programs including the Pacific RISA, the PICCC, the NOAA RCSD, and the East-West Center came together in 2011-2012 to collaboratively produce the Pacific Islands Regional Climate Assessment (PIRCA) (Keener, 2012) for the 2014 U.S. National Climate Assessment (NCA). Natural resource managers in sectors such as freshwater, coastal inundation and hazard response, and marine and terrestrial ecosystems need frequently updated summaries of regional and local climate trends, projections, and impacts...
Categories: Project;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: 2015,
CASC,
Completed,
Landscapes,
Landscapes,
Fog has been demonstrated to support plant growth, survival and ecosystem maintenance spanning rainfall and elevation gradients across the world. Persistent fog and strong winds on high mountain slopes in Hawaiʻi create a unique ecological environment. We collected stem diameter measurements of three native plant species at Nakula Natural Area Reserve, Maui, during 2016-2019 and numerous environmental variables to examine how rain, fog and soil moisture influence plant water deficit and growth. We also collected seedling growth and survival data within plots where grass was removed, and control plots (no grass removal), to assess if and how grass removal influenced seedling growth and soil moisture.
Sea level anomaly extremes impact tropical Pacific islands, often with too little warning to mitigate risks. By compiling monthly sea level anomaly predictions from multiple statistical and dynamical (coupled ocean-atmosphere) models, which are typically skillful out to at least 6 months in the tropical Pacific, improved future outlooks are achieved. We deliver an experimental real-time forecast of monthly mean sea level anomalies and information that can be used to reduce impacts associated with sea level extremes. This product provides an outlook of monthly sea level anomalies for the next one to two seasons. We combine sea level forecasts with astronomical tide predictions to provide more accurate predictions...
|
|
