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This data release documents three Microsoft Excel tables (and corresponding comma separated data files) that contain estimates of tritium in precipitation data for the continental United States. Versions of this data release contain additional tritium data for more recent years. The current version has tritium data through 2022. Table 1 contains estimates of tritium in precipitation for precipitation stations located in the continental United States. Measured precipitation data are formatted in regular font while correlated data are italicized. Table 2 contains tritium in precipitation for ninety-six 2-degree latitude by 5-degree longitude quadrangles covering the continental U.S. Latitudes are north of the equator...
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Groundwater age distributions and susceptibility to natural and anthropogenic contaminants were assessed for selected wells, streambed piezometers, and springs in southeastern Minnesota. The data provide information to understand how long it will take to observe groundwater quality improvements from best management practices implemented at land surface to reduce losses of nitrate (and other chemicals) from agricultural practices. Nineteen water samples were collected from ten wells, three streambed piezometers, and four springs between August 2020 and September 2022. Two of these samples are field replicate samples collected from a spring site and a well site. A child item contains historical data from 15 water...
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This data release documents nine Microsoft Excel tables that contain data for understanding groundwater ages in the Glacial aquifer system. Results for the three sample networks (PAS, principal aquifer study; MSS, modeling support study; FPS, flow path study) are described by three tables each: dissolved gas modeling results, environmental tracer concentrations (tritium, tritiogenic helium-3, sulfur hexafluoride, carbon-14, and radiogenic helium-4), and results for the mean age and age distribution. Tables are labeled by network and data type (as described below) separated by an underscore (_). For example, dissolved gas modeling results from the PAS network is label ‘PAS_NGmodel’. Dissolved gas modeling results...
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This data release documents eight Microsoft Excel tables; four which contain data for understanding groundwater ages in the South East Coastal Plain (SECP), Coastal Lowlands (CLOW) and Mississippi Embayment and Texas Coastal Uplands (METX) aquifer systems and four that describe the data fields. Results described include dissolved gas modeling results, environmental tracer concentrations (tritium, tritiogenic helium-3, sulfur hexafluoride, and radiogenic helium-4), mean age and age distribution, and carbon-14 geochmical modeling results Dissolved gas modeling results (DGmodel) contains detailed information on the calibration of dissolved gas models to dissolved gas concentrations (neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and...
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This data release codifies and attributes explanatory variables that could potentially influence groundwater quality at 50 groundwater wells used for domestic water supply and 43 groundwater sites used for public water supply in the U.S. Geological Survey’s Priority Basin Project Redding-Red Bluff shallow aquifer (NSV-SA) study unit in 2018-2019 and Northern Sacramento Valley public-supply (NSV-PA) study unit in 2007, respectively. Water quality from domestic and public-supply groundwater sites was assessed as part of the California State Water Resources Control Board’s Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment (GAMA) program. The NSV-SA and NSV-PA study units include domestic and public-supply wells within...
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We computed mean groundwater ages and age distributions at eight wells by calibrating lumped parameter models (LPMs) to concentrations of tracers (3H, CFCs, SF6) in samples using the computer program TracerLPM (Jurgens and others, 2012). We also measured 14C but all samples contained ancient carbonate from the limestone bedrock, and we were unable to resolve the atmospherically-derived 14C sufficiently to use it as a tracer. Tritium was below the detection level in two of the eight well-water samples, indicating the water was recharged prior to about 1950. Groundwater from the other six wells could be fitted to LPMs that were either piston flow models (PFM), exponential – piston flow models (EPM), or binary mixing...
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Continuous monitoring and discrete water-quality sampling were coupled in a karst aquifer to assess drivers and timescales of water-quality change. Water-quality data included environmental tracers of groundwater age (tritium [3H], tritiogenic helium-3 [3He-trit], sulfur hexafluoride [SF6], carbon-14 [14C], and radiogenic helium-4 [4He-rad]). All water quality data is available from the U.S. Geological Survey NWIS database (U.S. Geological Survey, 2019). Groundwater ages were estimated by calibration of environmental tracers to lumped parameter models of groundwater age for multiple samples collected at six groundwater wells using the program TracerLPM (Jurgens and others, 2012). The final estimates for mean groundwater...
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The Captain Jack Superfund site near Ward, Colorado hosts extensive interconnected underground mine workings, which drain via the Big Five Adit. Drainage from the adit has historically been acidic with elevated concentrations of metals. In 2018 the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) utilized a subsurface remediation strategy consisting of the installation of a hydraulic bulkhead within the workings to preclude drainage out of the mine. To understand the processes occurring during water impoundment within the mine workings, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with EPA, completed water-quality sampling and analysis during 2020 as water was impounded within the mine workings. The USGS sampling...
The U.S. Geological Survey collected groundwater samples from 17 wells in the Indio subbasin (CA basin designation 7-21.01) of the Coachella Valley and surface water samples from two sites representing sources of recharge to the Indio subbasin in 2021. These samples are intended to provide inorganic water quality data, particularly total dissolved solids (TDS), within areas of the Indio subbasin not sampled for the Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment (GAMA) Program Priority Basin Project’s assessment of the quality of groundwater used for domestic and small system drinking water supplies in Coachella Valley (CODA). Other areas of special interest for the Indio salinity study were nearby managed aquifer...
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Groundwater age is an important indicator of groundwater susceptibility to anthropogenic contamination and a key input to statistical models for forecasting water quality. Numerical models can provide estimates of groundwater age, enabling interpretation of measured age tracers. However, to extend to national-scale groundwater systems where numerical models are not routinely available, a more efficient metamodeling approach can provide a less precise but widely applicable estimate of groundwater age, trained to make forecasts based on predictor variables that can be measured independent of numerical models. We trained gradient-boosted regression tree statistical metamodels to MODFLOW/MODPATH derived groundwater...
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This data release documents two Microsoft Excel tables; one contains data for understanding groundwater ages in the Spanish Valley watershed, and one that describe the data fields. Mean ages and age distributions from 19 groundwater samples were estimated in support of an evaluation of the groundwater resources of the Spanish Valley watershed (Masbruch and others, 2019). Individual groundwater well and spring vulnerability to land-surface contamination and changes in hydraulic conditions (for example, water extraction or reduced recharge) can be assessed using environmental tracer-based groundwater age. The detailed interpretation of groundwater age reported here supplements the apparent tracer ages of Masbruch...
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This data release consists of data (in four tables) for assessing the time scales of arsenic variability in three production wells in New Hampshire; tables that describe the data fields in the data tables are also included in the data release. High-frequency (every 5 to 15 minutes) and bi-monthly water-quality monitoring of a bedrock-aquifer domestic well (425651070573701), a bedrock-aquifer public-supply well (425400070545401), and a glacial-aquifer public-supply well (425311070535801) was completed between 2014 and 2018. Concentrations of arsenic and other geochemical constituents and dissolved gases, as tracers of groundwater age, were measured on a bimonthly basis; physicochemical data, including specific conductance,...
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Groundwater age distributions and susceptibility to natural and anthropogenic contaminants were assessed for selected wells across Minnesota. The data provide information to understand how long it will take to observe groundwater quality improvements from best management practices implemented at land surface to reduce losses of nitrate (and other chemicals) from agricultural practices. A total of 13 age estimates were done on samples collected from 8 wells between July 1996 and May 1997. Groundwater ages were estimated from dissolved gas (argon and nitrogen) and environmental tracer data (tritium, chlorofluorocarbons, and tritiogenic helium-3) from field samples using the equations available in TracerLPM (an Excel®...
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This data release documents four Microsoft Excel tables; one contains data for understanding water ages, one contains noble gas model data, two that describe the data fields. Results described include environmental tracer concentrations (tritium, tritiogenic helium-3, choloroflourocarbons, and radiogenic helium-4), mean age and age distribution, noble gas concentrations, and groundwater recharge conditions. Mean age and age distribution results (LPM) contain final models of groundwater age by calibration of lumped parameter models to tracer concentrations (Jurgens and others, 2012). Please see the main manuscript for additional details on the results presented in this table. Noble gas model results (CEmodel) contain...
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Residence time distribution (RTD) is a critically important characteristic of groundwater flow systems; however, it cannot be measured directly. RTD can be inferred from tracer data with analytical models (few parameters) or with numerical models (many parameters). The second approach permits more variation in system properties but is used less frequently than the first because large-scale numerical models can be resource intensive. With the data and computer codes in this data release users can (1) reconstruct and run 115 General Simulation Models (GSMs) of groundwater flow, (2) calculate groundwater age metrics at selected GSM cells, (3) train a boosted regression tree model using the provided data, (4) predict...
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Categorical classification of groundwater age based on concentrations of tritium (3H) in groundwater can provide useful information for the assessment and understanding of groundwater resources. These data present a three-part groundwater age classification system for the continental United States based on tritium thresholds that vary in space and time: modern (recharged after 1952), if the measured value is larger than an upper threshold; premodern (recharged prior to 1953) if the measured value is smaller than a lower threshold; or mixed if the measured value is between the two thresholds. Inclusion of spatially-varying that vary geographically on the basis of the location of the sample rather than a single threshold...
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This data release contains environmental tracer model inputs, outputs, and model results. Dataset includes environmental tracer concentrations, simulated recharge conditions (water temperature, excess air), and estimated groundwater residence times. This dataset supports an integrated hydrologic investigation of groundwater recharge processes and groundwater flow in the Wet Mountain Valley alluvial aquifer, Custer and Fremont Counties, Colorado. Data were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Upper Arkansas Water Conservancy District.
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Groundwater age distribution and susceptibility to natural and anthropogenic contaminants were assessed for selected principal aquifers of the Western United States: the Central Valley aquifer system (CVAL), the Basin and Range basin-fill aquifers (BNRF), the Rio Grande aquifer system (RIOG), the High Plains aquifer (HPAQ), the Columbia Plateau basaltic-rock aquifers (CLPT), and the Colorado Plateaus aquifers (COPL). Groundwater ages were estimated by calibration of environmental tracers (tritium, tritiogenic helium-3, chlorofluorocarbons, sulfur hexafluoride, carbon-14 and radiogenic helium-4) to lumped parameter models (LPMs) for 1,353 samples from 1,182 sample locations. Groundwater samples were collected from...
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A multivariate regression model was developed to predict zero-order oxygen reduction rates (mg/L/yr) in aquifers across the State of Wisconsin. The model used a combination of dissolved oxygen concentrations and mean groundwater ages estimated with sampled age tracers from wells in the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Information System and previously published project reports from state agencies and universities. The multivariate regression model was solved using the Microsoft Excel solver, with 461 wells used for training and 46 wells held-out for validation. A total of 31 predictor variables were used for model development (56 were tested), including basic well characteristics, soil properties, aquifer properties,...
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This data release documents two Microsoft Excel tables that contain data for understanding tracer concentrations and groundwater age in the Columbia Plateau aquifer system. Results for geochemical correction of carbon-14, and lumped parameter modeling of groundwater age for the sample network (VPFS, vertical flow path study) are described. Geochemical carbon-14 correction results (RFG) describe geochemical correction of carbon-14 in dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) for groundwater age dating. Datasets includes measured water parameters and chemistry, model parameter inputs, and final corrected carbon-14 in DIC. Geochemical correction was completed using the revised Fontes and Granier model of Han and Plummer (2013)....


map background search result map search result map Dissolved Gas, Environmental Tracer Concentrations, and Lumped Parameter Modeling Results for Groundwater Age Dating in the Glacial Aquifer System, Conterminous United States Data and Scripts for Metamodeling for Groundwater Age Forecasting in the Lake Michigan Basin Groundwater Age-Tracing Data and Models in a PFOA-Contaminated Bedrock Aquifer, North Bennington, Vermont Data for Groundwater Age and Susceptibility of Poorly Consolidated Sedimentary Aquifers of the United States Gulf Coast: Results from the Southeast Coastal Plain (SECP), Coastal Lowland (CLOW), Mississippi Embayment and Texas Coastal Upland (METX) Principal Aquifer Networks Data for Tritium as an Indicator of Modern, Mixed and Premodern Groundwater Age Data for assessing the susceptibility of groundwater used for drinking water supply from selected principal aquifers of the Western United States, 2004-2018 Data for timescales of water-quality change in a karst aquifer, south-central Texas Data for Time Scales of Arsenic Variability and the Role of High-Frequency Monitoring at Three Water-Supply Wells in New Hampshire, USA Lumped parameter models of groundwater age, Spanish Valley Watershed, Grand and San Juan Counties, Utah Lumped parameter models of groundwater age and noble gas models of recharge conditions in support of Groundwater and Surface-Water Resources near Red Fleet Reservoir, Uintah County, Utah Lumped parameter models of groundwater age from the Columbia Plateau Aquifer, Vertical Flowpath Study Network Data for three-dimensional distribution of groundwater residence time metrics in the glaciated United States using metamodels trained on general numerical simulation models Hydrologic and Geochemical Data and Models Supporting Integrated Evaluation of the Captain Jack Superfund Site, Boulder County, Colorado Groundwater data and age information from samples collected in Minnesota (ver. 2.0, January 2024) Environmental tracer model for the Wet Mountain Valley alluvial aquifer, Custer and Fremont Counties, Colorado, 2019 Groundwater and surface water data for a regional assessment of groundwater salinity variations and sources in the Indio Subbasin of the Coachella Valley, California Potential Explanatory Variables for Groundwater Quality in the Redding-Red Bluff Shallow Aquifer Assessment Study Unit, 2018-2019: California GAMA Priority Basin Project Multivariate regression model for predicting oxygen reduction rates in groundwater for the State of Wisconsin Data for Tritium deposition in precipitation in the United States, 1953 - 2023 (ver. 2.0, May 2023) Groundwater data and age information from samples collected in Minnesota, 1996-1997 Hydrologic and Geochemical Data and Models Supporting Integrated Evaluation of the Captain Jack Superfund Site, Boulder County, Colorado Lumped parameter models of groundwater age and noble gas models of recharge conditions in support of Groundwater and Surface-Water Resources near Red Fleet Reservoir, Uintah County, Utah Lumped parameter models of groundwater age, Spanish Valley Watershed, Grand and San Juan Counties, Utah Data for Time Scales of Arsenic Variability and the Role of High-Frequency Monitoring at Three Water-Supply Wells in New Hampshire, USA Potential Explanatory Variables for Groundwater Quality in the Redding-Red Bluff Shallow Aquifer Assessment Study Unit, 2018-2019: California GAMA Priority Basin Project Groundwater and surface water data for a regional assessment of groundwater salinity variations and sources in the Indio Subbasin of the Coachella Valley, California Environmental tracer model for the Wet Mountain Valley alluvial aquifer, Custer and Fremont Counties, Colorado, 2019 Data for timescales of water-quality change in a karst aquifer, south-central Texas Lumped parameter models of groundwater age from the Columbia Plateau Aquifer, Vertical Flowpath Study Network Groundwater data and age information from samples collected in Minnesota, 1996-1997 Data and Scripts for Metamodeling for Groundwater Age Forecasting in the Lake Michigan Basin Multivariate regression model for predicting oxygen reduction rates in groundwater for the State of Wisconsin Groundwater data and age information from samples collected in Minnesota (ver. 2.0, January 2024) Data for Groundwater Age and Susceptibility of Poorly Consolidated Sedimentary Aquifers of the United States Gulf Coast: Results from the Southeast Coastal Plain (SECP), Coastal Lowland (CLOW), Mississippi Embayment and Texas Coastal Upland (METX) Principal Aquifer Networks Dissolved Gas, Environmental Tracer Concentrations, and Lumped Parameter Modeling Results for Groundwater Age Dating in the Glacial Aquifer System, Conterminous United States Data for assessing the susceptibility of groundwater used for drinking water supply from selected principal aquifers of the Western United States, 2004-2018 Data for three-dimensional distribution of groundwater residence time metrics in the glaciated United States using metamodels trained on general numerical simulation models Data for Tritium as an Indicator of Modern, Mixed and Premodern Groundwater Age Data for Tritium deposition in precipitation in the United States, 1953 - 2023 (ver. 2.0, May 2023)