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1 Univariate, multivariate, and geostatistical techniques were used to quantify the scale and degree of soil variability around individual perennial sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata ssp. vaseyana) and bluebunch wheatgrass (Pseudoroegneria spicata ssp. spicata) plants. This variability was then compared to that found across the larger sagebrush-steppe site. Samples were taken every metre in a 10-m $\times$ 12-m grid and every 12.5 cm in nine nested 0.5-m $\times$ 0.5-m grids containing at least one Artemisia shrub or Pseudoroegneria tussock (362 total samples). The 11 soil properties measured were organic matter, pH, water content, live root mass, microbial respiration, net N mineralization, nitrification potential,...
This study examined whether an individual plant's risk of herbivory was affected by its nearest neighbor. Individually potted tillers of Bouteloua gracilis were placed in a natural habitat with one of two neighbors (B. gracilis conspecifics or Aristida spp.), and in one of two cover treatments (high: in center of neighbor canopy, and low: at periphery of canopy). After one month, the experimental tillers were collected and scored for herbivory. We found that the less palatable neighbor, Aristida spp., reduced the probability that herbivores would feed upon experimental tillers in one of the two years of our study, but in both years increased the amount of feeding on those tillers that were attacked. The amount of...
Spatial heterogeneity may have differential effects on the distribution of native and nonnative plant species richness. We examined the effects of spatial heterogeneity on native and nonnative plant species richness distributions in the central part of Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado, USA. Spatial heterogeneity around vegetation plots was characterized using landscape metrics, environmental/topographic variables (slope, aspect, elevation, and distance from stream or river), and soil variables (nitrogen, clay, and sand). The landscape metrics represented five components of landscape heterogeneity and were measured at four spatial extents (within varying radii of 120, 240, 480, and 960 m) using the FRAGSTATS...
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We investigated butterfly responses to plot-level characteristics (plant species richness, vegetation height, and range in NDVI [normalized difference vegetation index]) and spatial heterogeneity in topography and landscape patterns (composition and configuration) at multiple spatial scales. Stratified random sampling was used to collect data on butterfly species richness from seventy-six 20 � 50 m plots. The plant species richness and average vegetation height data were collected from 76 modified-Whittaker plots overlaid on 76 butterfly plots. Spatial heterogeneity around sample plots was quantified by measuring topographic variables and landscape metrics at eight spatial extents (radii of 300, 600 to 2,400 m)....
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The project is located at Carpinteria Salt Marsh, part of the University of California Reserve System. The marsh is located at 34.40°N, 119.53°W, which is near the city of Carpinteria, CA. The "exp_recruitment" data set includes information on site name (site), latitude (lat) and longitude (long) of each site, cage number (cage), the number of egg-transmitted (egginf) and miracidium-transmitted (mirainf) trematode infections per cage, the biomass of snails within a cage (cagebmdens), and the influence (g^3/4) of final hosts that carry egg-transmitted (eggfhi) and miracidium-transmitted (mirafhi) trematodes. The "exp_risk" data set includes information on site name (site), latitude (lat) and longitude (long) of each...
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Conclusions: Nest predators with different home-range sizes and habitat affinities responded to landscape configuration in different ways. Influence of landscape structure varied across scale. Thresholds/Learnings: Herbaceous cover was negatively associated with predation in roadsides whereas the proximity of woody cover was positively associated with predation rates. Synopsis: This study evaluated the influence of habitat structure and spatial configuration on nest predation in central Iowa. In a multi-scale analysis of 10 artificial ground nests along 136 roadsides across six watersheds, researchers found that predation was affected by the surrounding landscape mosaic. Nest predators with different home-range...
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Conclusions: In response to logging, songbirds demonstrated “habitat compensation” by moving into different adjacent habitats across a fragmented landscape. Thresholds/Learnings: Synopsis: This study investigates the degree to which species respond differently to logging across different scales in Alberta’s boreal mixed-wood forests. Researchers tracked changes in the composition and abundance of songbirds at the patch-level and landscape level, finding significant variation between the two spatial scales. The results suggest that predictions of organism response based on the island biogeographic model are limited, and that—while responses varied across species—songbirds demonstrated “habitat compensation” by moving...
    map background search result map search result map Effects of spatial heterogeneity on butterfly species richness in Rocky Mountain National Park, CO, USA Geostatistical Patterns of Soil Heterogeneity Around Individual Perennial Plants Fragments are not islands: patch vs landscape perspectives on songbird presence and abundance in a harvested boreal forest. Effects of landscape structure on nest predation on roadsides of a mid-western agroecosystem: a multi-scale analysis. Parasite Recruitment and Host Risk in a Snail-Trematode System at Carpinteria Salt Marsh Parasite Recruitment and Host Risk in a Snail-Trematode System at Carpinteria Salt Marsh Fragments are not islands: patch vs landscape perspectives on songbird presence and abundance in a harvested boreal forest. Geostatistical Patterns of Soil Heterogeneity Around Individual Perennial Plants Effects of spatial heterogeneity on butterfly species richness in Rocky Mountain National Park, CO, USA Effects of landscape structure on nest predation on roadsides of a mid-western agroecosystem: a multi-scale analysis.