1 The ability of drought-stressed Bouteloua gracilis H.B.K. Lag. ex Steud. to respond rapidly to a small rainfall event with increases in leaf water potential and leaf conductance directed our attention to the role of the roots in these responses. Our first objective was to determine whether new root growth was required to restore the water status to that of a non-stressed plant, following a small rainfall event. The results indicated that surviving roots were able to absorb water at approximately 40% of the rate of new roots, which was sufficient to restore non-stressed leaf water potentials within one day of watering. 2 The second objective was to estimate the rate and amount of new root growth following simulated rainfall events. [...]