HCAs were identified based on models described by the WHCWG (2010; pages 37-38 and Appendix A). Ten focal species HCAs from WHCWG (2010) were combined into a single raster for this project. The source focal species were: western toad, northern flying squirrel, wolverine, Canada lynx, American marten, mountain goat, American black bear, elk, mule deer, and bighorn sheep.