These present data on sediment carbon within submerged aquatic vegetation beds from fresh to saline coastal locations in Barataria Bay, Louisiana. Water quality, site location, vegetation biomass and species composition are presented. This project was co-funded by the Gulf Coast Prairie and the Gulf Coastal Plains and Ozarks Landscape Conservation Cooperatives and the South Central Climate Adaptation Science Center. An alternate reference to this product can be found here: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7QZ2853.