A. Pervasive disturbances: The most common disturbances based on total stream length in a given region. Top five overall most pervasive disturbances to all stream reaches, regardless of stream size and across all spatial scales (ranked highest first): Low intensity urban land use Impervious surface Pasture and hay land use Population density Crop land use Top five most pervasive disturbances, specific to spatial scales : Low intensity urban land use in network catchments Low intensity urban land use in local catchments Impervious surface cover in network catchments Low intensity urban land use in local buffers Pasture and hay land use in network catchments Low intensity urban land use makes up the majority of the landscape [...]