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Streams are classified as perennial (flowing uninterrupted, year-round) or intermittent (flowing part of the year) or ephemeral (flowing only during rainfall events). The classifications of “streamflow permanence” were primarily established in the middle 20th century and are often outdated and inaccurate today if they were not adjusted for changes in land use, wildfires, or climate. Understanding where streams are perennial is important for a variety of reasons. For example, perennial streams receive special regulatory protections under a variety of statutes, and provide important habitat for fish, wildlife, and other species. To predict the likelihood that streams are perennial, we compiled nearly 25,000 observations...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation;
Tags: Data Visualization & Tools,
Data Visualization & Tools,
Drought,
Drought, Fire and Extreme Weather,
Drought, Fire and Extreme Weather,
The WY-MT WSC conducted a study to develop regression equations for estimating peak-flow frequencies in Montana, using channel-width characteristics. Channel widths were measured in the field at 69 streamgage sites. Chase, K.J., Sando, R., Armstrong, D.W., and McCarthy, P., 2021, Regional regression equations based on channel-width characteristics to estimate peak-flow frequencies at ungaged sites in Montana using peak-flow frequency data through water year 2011 (ver. 1.1, September 2021): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2020–5142, 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20205142.
National Hydrography Dataset (NHD) stream permanence classifications (SPC; perennial, intermittent, and ephemeral) are widely used for data visualization and applied science, and have implications for resource policy and management. NHD SPC were assigned using a combination of topographic field surveys and interviews with local residents. However, previous studies indicate that non‐NHD, in situ streamflow observations (NNO) frequently disagree with NHD SPC. We hypothesized that differences in annual climate conditions between map creation years and the years NNO were collected contributed to disagreement between NNO and NHD SPC. We compared NHD SPC to 10,055 NNO (classified as “wet” or “dry”) collected in the Pacific...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation
Field-Verified Irrigated Lands Dataset in the Milk River Basin of Montana and Alberta, 2021 and 2022
Field-verified irrigated lands data were collected for the Remote Sensing Component of the St. Mary-Milk Rivers Consumptive Use study to aid in the identification and delineation of agricultural fields that are irrigated in 2021 and 2022 in the Milk River basin. This field verification of irrigated fields will provide data that will be used to ground truth evapotranspiration estimates obtained in the Milk River basin using remote sensing methods. This work is part of a larger project aimed at developing a historical database representing monthly actual evapotranspiration (ETa) totals in the Milk River basin from 1985-present using remote sensing. This database will lay the foundation for the establishment of a remote...
Project Overview The Fort Berthold Indian Reservation faces challenges in maintaining stream health due to recent extreme weather events, oil and gas development, and row crop expansion. Researchers supported by this North Central CASC project will assess how these changes affect stream health while providing career development for undergraduate researchers from Nueta Hidatsa Sahnish College (NHSC) and United Tribes Technical College. The project will inform climate adaptation strategies and support sustainable resource management for the Mandan Arikara Nation. Project Summary The Fort Berthold Indian Reservation has faced many environmental challenges since 2001, including extreme drought and precipitation events,...
Categories: Project;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: 2024,
CASC,
Indigenous Peoples,
Indigenous Peoples,
North Central,
The National Hydrography Dataset (NHD) High Resolution flowlines were used as a base to provide additional information on the connectivity of the stream network for the hydrographic basins in and around Montana. In addition to the attributes that are published as part of the NHD data, two fields were added to the attribute table to associate streams that do not have a Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) name with the GNIS name and NHD reachcode of the nearest downstream named flowline. The National Hydrography Dataset (NHD) is a feature-based database that interconnects and uniquely identifies the stream segments or reaches that make up the nation's surface water drainage system. NHD data were originally...
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Geography,
Idaho,
Information Sciences,
MSDI,
Montana,
The WY-MT WSC conducted a study to develop regression equations for estimating peak-flow frequencies in Montana, using channel-width characteristics. Channel widths were measured in the field and from aerial photographs. This data release includes three child items: a table of field measurements, a table of measurements from aerial photographs, and a summary table of the data (field measurements and measurements from aerial photographs) used to develop the regression equations.
Abstract To aid in parameterization of mechanistic, statistical, and machine learning models of hydrologic systems in the contiguous United States (CONUS), flow-conditioned parameter grids (FCPGs) have been generated describing upstream basin mean elevation, slope, land cover class, latitude, and 30-year climatologies of mean total annual precipitation, minimum daily air temperature, and maximum daily air temperature. Additional datasets of upstream basin area and binary stream presence-absence are provided to help validate queries against the flow-conditioned data. These data are provided as virtual raster tile (vrt) mosaics of cloud optimized GeoTIFFs to allow point queries of the data (see Distribution Information)...
Categories: Data;
Types: ArcGIS REST Map Service,
ArcGIS Service Definition,
Downloadable,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: CPG,
Daymet,
FCPG,
Flow-Conditioned Parameter Grids,
Hydrologic,
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Wyoming-Montana Waters Science Center, in cooperation with the Wyoming Water Development Office created this project repository in 2023 that contains all the Wyoming StreamStats data and analyses. Sets of data and analyses are published as data releases within this repository as child items.
This produced dataset includes spatially aggregated records of measurements and observations from public and private organizations across the Upper Missouri River Basin. For this dataset the Upper Missouri River Basin is defined as Hydrologic Unit Code 1002-1013, and includes the states of Montana, Wyoming, Utah, North Dakota, and South Dakota. Streamflow measurements are an essential part of understanding the relationship between streamflow permanence and climatic and physical factors. For the purpose of this investigation, all streamflow observations were identified as perennial, non-perennial, or pooled to be used in the PROSPER (PRObability of Streamflow PERmanence) model.
Categories: Data;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Hydrology,
Montana,
North Dakota,
PROSPER,
South Dakota,
In recent years, the USGS and partners have been integral in monitoring, analyzing, and modeling streamflow permanence. This community of practice includes key USGS scientists and partners who have been involved in the establishment and advancement of that science. The primary objective of this community is to provide an organized platform to document the activity and resources related to streamflow permanence. Additionally, we aim to facilitate more efficient collaboration among internal and external streamflow permanence experts.
The WY-MT WSC conducted a study to develop regression equations for estimating peak-flow frequencies in Montana, using channel-width characteristics. Channel widths were measured from aerial photographs at 517 streamgage sites. Chase, K.J., Sando, R., Armstrong, D.W., and McCarthy, P., 2021, Regional regression equations based on channel-width characteristics to estimate peak-flow frequencies at ungaged sites in Montana using peak-flow frequency data through water year 2011 (ver. 1.1, September 2021): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2020–5142, 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20205142.
Categories: Data;
Types: Downloadable,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
Shapefile;
Tags: Montana,
geomorphology,
water resources
This data release presents drainage-basin characteristics for 12,639 road and stream intersections in Montana. The drainage-basin characteristics presented include those computed by the Montana StreamStats application (McCarthy and others, 2016). Statistical analysis of the road and stream intersections was included in the report "Peak-Flow Variability, Peak-Flow Informational Needs, and Consideration of Regional Regression Analyses in Managing the Crest-Stage Gage Network in Montana" (Sando, 2021).
Categories: Data;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Montana,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
Water Resources,
geoscientificInformation,
geospatial analysis,
Dry stream sections are characteristic of most prairie streams. Native fish are highly adapted to variable environments, using refuge habitats (e.g., remaining wet stream fragments) to recolonize areas after seasonal drying. However, dams and other barriers can prevent recolonization of seasonally-dry stream sections habitats known to be critical spawning and rearing areas for many species. This phenomenon will likely become more common as climate change causes increasingly severe droughts, and larger sections of streams become seasonally dry. This could lead to local loss of native prairie fishes, an already at-risk group. Fisheries managers in Wyoming and Montana have limited data on climate impacts to prairie...
Categories: Project;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: 2022,
CASC,
Data Visualization & Tools,
Data Visualization & Tools,
Drought,
Categories: Data
The WY-MT WSC conducted a study to develop regression equations for estimating peak-flow frequencies in Montana, using channel-width characteristics. Channel widths were measured in the field and from aerial imagery. Chase, K.J., Sando, R., Armstrong, D.W., and McCarthy, P., 2021, Regional regression equations based on channel-width characteristics to estimate peak-flow frequencies at ungaged sites in Montana using peak-flow frequency data through water year 2011 (ver. 1.1, September 2021): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2020–5142, 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20205142.
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