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The Hawai‘i Drought Knowledge Exchange project has been successfully piloting three sets of formal collaborative knowledge exchanges between researchers and managers to co-produce customized, site specific drought data products to meet the needs of their partners. Through these pilots, knowledge co-production has demonstrated how active collaboration between researchers and managers in the design and production of data products can lead to more useful and accessible applications for drought planning and management. Resource managers have strongly embraced the need for better and more timely information on climate change, variability and drought, as these stressors exert a large and costly impact on resources...
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Measurements of fog, wind, fog interception, soil moisture, and fog effects on plant water use and plant survival were collected to test a model to estimate CWI as a function of fog-water movement and vegetation characteristics.
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As elevation increases, both temperature and moisture availability decrease. In many parts of the world, this decrease in temperature is a limiting factor for vegetation—at certain elevations, the temperature becomes too cold for plants to survive. However in the tropics, moisture availability may play a more important role than temperature in determining the altitude at which forests can grow. For example on Haleakalā, a volcano on the Hawaiian Island of Mauʻi, the forest line is not found at the same elevation everywhere, as you would expect if it were controlled by temperature. Rather, the forest line is highest in the wetter eastern-most end and lower on the drier, western end of the volcano. Research also...
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These files contain two datasets. First are vertical fluxes of energy, water vapor and carbon dioxide calculated by the eddy covariance technique using measurements taken at Olaa tower (Flux Data). Second are results of historical and future runs of the Community Land Model (CLM) for the Thurston and Olaa tower sites (CLM Output Data). Output includes time series of energy, water vapor, and carbon dioxide exchanges at each site. The historical runs are forced by gap-filled measured time series at each site. Future data sets were contructed by shifting values in the historical run by increments selected for possible future scenarios. Increments were based on the results of statistical downscaling of future climate...
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Measurements of fog, wind, fog interception, soil moisture, and fog effects on plant water use and plant survival were collected along with these vegetation data to test a model to estimate CWI as a function of fog-water movement and these vegetation characteristics.
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Data of a calibrated fog gauge at each of the five stations. Parameters include total fog water collection, wind-driven rain collection, fog-only water collection, cloud water flux, and cloud liquid water content.
With increasing needs for understanding historic climatic events and assessing changes in extreme weather to support natural hazard planning and infrastructure design, it is vital to have an accurate long-term hourly rainfall dataset. In Hawaiʻi, annual, monthly, and daily gauge data have been well-compiled and are accessible. Here, we compiled hourly rainfall data from both gauges and radars. We arranged the metadata from various data sources, acquired data, and applied quality control to each gauge dataset. In addition, we compiled and provided hourly radar rainfall, and filtered out areas with low confidence (larger error). This paper provides (1) a summary of available hourly data from various observation networks,...
Categories: Publication; Types: Citation
The outputs of two versions of the Single-Layer Wet Canopy Water Balance model. Parameters include cloud water interception, evaporation of rainwater or fog water from wet canopy (interception evaporation), and canopy water storage.
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The following files contain source data for use of the Community Land Model 4.0 at two study sites in Volcanoes National Park, Hawai'i. Included are: Biometric data: 1) Growth increment data for Thurston and Olaa, based on dbh surveys done in four 10 m by 10 m plots at over a 12 year time period at Thurston and at six plots overs a 12 year period at Olaa, 2) Field measured leaf area index data. Measurements were made using LAI-2000 and LAI-2200 instruments, 3) Litterfall from Thurston and Olaa over a 17-mo period from June 2014 to Sep 2015. Data were sorted by species/litter type. Data are weights., 4) Field measured soil respiration data scaled to annual values and compared with tower-based measurements of ecosystem...
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Measurements of fog, wind, fog interception, soil moisture, and fog effects on plant water use and plant survival were collected to test a model to estimate CWI as a function of fog-water movement and vegetation characteristics.
The associated uncertainties of future climate projections are one of the biggest obstacles to overcome in studies exploring the potential regional impacts of future climate shifts. In remote and climatically complex regions, the limited number of available downscaled projections may not provide an accurate representation of the underlying uncertainty in future climate or the possible range of potential scenarios. Consequently, global downscaled projections are now some of the most widely used climate datasets in the world. However, they are rarely examined for representativeness of local climate or the plausibility of their projected changes. Here we explore the utility of two such global datasets (CHELSA and WorldClim2)...
Categories: Publication; Types: Citation
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Land, water, and natural resource managers and planners across Hawai’i are tasked with making important decisions about the state’s future. Reliable projections of Hawaiʻi's climate are needed to inform these decisions. This project aims to provide this needed scientific information to resource managers by improving estimates of Hawaiʻi’s near-term climate for the coming years and decades. The goal of this project is to develop very high-resolution climate projections for the Hawaiian Islands over the period from 2010 to 2039. This timeframe is novel. Most climate projections for Hawai’i are for the end of the century. In contrast, the timeframe of this study is “now”, which has intuitive relevance to resource...
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Hawaiʻi’s native forests supply the state with freshwater, support cultural practices, and are home to more than 10,000 plants and animals found nowhere else in the world. However, they are also threatened by the spread of invasive species and may be vulnerable to shifting temperature and rainfall patterns brought about by climate change. Through this project, scientists sought to better understand how native and non-native forests in Hawaiʻi will respond to climate change. Researchers used field data from two long-term monitoring sites in Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park to model the effects of projected climate change on two forest ecosystems, one dominated by the native ʻōhiʻa tree and the other by the invasive...
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The climate in Hawai‘i is changing, and alterations in rainfall amount and distribution have implications for future vegetation cover, non-native species invasions, watershed function, and fire behavior. As novel ecosystems and climates emerge in Hawai‘i, particularly hotter and drier climates, it is critical that scientists produce locally relevant, timely and actionable science products and that managers are able to access the best-available science. Managers and researchers have identified that a knowledge exchange process is needed for drought in Hawai‘i to allow for formal collaboration between the two groups to co-produce drought data and products. To address this need, this project will pilot a focused...
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Detailed, reliable projections of future changes in climate are needed by Hawai‘i’s resource managers, such as water utilities managers, land managers, conservation organizations, and decision makers. However, global climate models (or “general circulation models”), which are currently the most commonly used tool for projecting future climate variations, are known for representing large-scale climate patterns and are not ideal for simulating climate processes at small spatial scales, such as those relevant to Hawai’i’s climate. Traditionally, the technique of “downscaling” is used to bridge this gap between global climate models and local climate conditions. Due to the lack of downscaled datasets for Hawai’i, however,...
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Maui’s threatened Haleakalā silversword forms the foundation of a diverse high-elevation community on Haleakalā, and is an ideal species for assessing how this ecosystem is responding to climate change. The silversword’s striking appearance makes it one of Hawaiʻi’s most recognizable species, and it is one of the main attractions drawing 1-2 million tourists to Haleakalā National Park each year. The plant was once considered a conservation success, when active management led to a population recovery in the early 20th century. Unfortunately, silversword populations are now declining, and climate change – namely decreasing precipitation and increasing temperatures – is thought to be responsible. The goal of this...
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Measurements of fog, fog interception parameters, and climate variables such as wind, radiation, temperature, and humidity, along with vegetation data, to test a model to estimate CWI as a function of fog-water movement and vegetation characteristics.
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Changing climate in the “Ridge-to-Reef" (R2R) and “Icefield-to-Ocean" (I2O) ecosystems of Hawai‘i and Southeast Alaska is expected to influence freshwater resources, extreme precipitation events, intensity of storms, and drought. Changes in these regions will not be uniform, rather they will depend on elevation and watershed location due to their steep-gradient terrains. A better understanding of expected future climate conditions in these regions is essential for natural resource managers to make informed climate adaptation decisions amid a changing environment. The Pacific Islands and Alaska Climate Adaptation Science Centers (PI and AK CASCs) are uniquely positioned to address these issues as they have previously...
    map background search result map search result map Assessing Viability of the Haleakalā Silversword to Uncover the Effects of Climate Change on Hawaiˈi’s High-Elevation Ecosystems Understanding the Response of Native and Non‐Native Forests to Climate Variability and Change Measurement of El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO)-related Climate Conditions and Ecosystem Responses in Hawaiʻi Near-term Climate Projections to Inform Adaptation in the Hawaiian Islands Working with Natural Resource Managers to Co-Produce Drought Analyses in Hawai‘i Observed ecological inputs to the Community Land Model at two wet montane study sites, 2004-2016, Volcanoes National Park, Hawai'i Ecosystem fluxes and Community Land Model outputs for Thurston and Olaa study sites, Hawaiʻi Preliminary Investigation of Machine Learning Approaches to Improve Projections of Future Climate in Hawai‘i Scaling up the Hawai‘i Drought Knowledge Exchange: Expanding Stakeholder Reach and Capacity to Address Climate Change, Variability, and Drought Canopy Water Balance Input Data for 5 sites in Hawai'i from 2016-2019 Translating Existing Model Results to Aid in Resource Management Planning for Future Precipitation Extremes in Hawai‘i and Southeast Alaska Vegetation Characterization for 5 sites in Hawai'i from 2016-2019 Calibrated Fog Gauge Data for 5 sites in Hawai'i from 2016-2019 Canopy Water Balance Output Data for 5 sites in Hawai'i from 2016-2019 Climate Data for 5 sites in Hawai'i from 2016-2019 Cloud Water Interception Parameters for 5 sites in Hawai'i from 2016-2019 Observed ecological inputs to the Community Land Model at two wet montane study sites, 2004-2016, Volcanoes National Park, Hawai'i Ecosystem fluxes and Community Land Model outputs for Thurston and Olaa study sites, Hawaiʻi Assessing Viability of the Haleakalā Silversword to Uncover the Effects of Climate Change on Hawaiˈi’s High-Elevation Ecosystems Measurement of El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO)-related Climate Conditions and Ecosystem Responses in Hawaiʻi Understanding the Response of Native and Non‐Native Forests to Climate Variability and Change Vegetation Characterization for 5 sites in Hawai'i from 2016-2019 Canopy Water Balance Input Data for 5 sites in Hawai'i from 2016-2019 Calibrated Fog Gauge Data for 5 sites in Hawai'i from 2016-2019 Canopy Water Balance Output Data for 5 sites in Hawai'i from 2016-2019 Climate Data for 5 sites in Hawai'i from 2016-2019 Cloud Water Interception Parameters for 5 sites in Hawai'i from 2016-2019 Near-term Climate Projections to Inform Adaptation in the Hawaiian Islands Working with Natural Resource Managers to Co-Produce Drought Analyses in Hawai‘i Preliminary Investigation of Machine Learning Approaches to Improve Projections of Future Climate in Hawai‘i Scaling up the Hawai‘i Drought Knowledge Exchange: Expanding Stakeholder Reach and Capacity to Address Climate Change, Variability, and Drought Translating Existing Model Results to Aid in Resource Management Planning for Future Precipitation Extremes in Hawai‘i and Southeast Alaska