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Widespread nitrate contamination of groundwater in agricultural areas poses a major challenge to sustainable water resources. Efficient analysis of nitrate fluxes across large regions also remains difficult. This study introduces a method of characterizing nitrate transport processes continuously across regional unsaturated zones and groundwater based on surrogate, machine-learning metamodels of an N flux process-based model. The metamodels used boosted regression trees (BRTs) to relate mappable variables to parameters and outputs of a “vertical flux method” (VFM) applied in the Fox-Wolf-Peshtigo (FWP) area in Wisconsin. In this context, the metamodels are upscaling the VFM results throughout the region, and the...
Groundwater samples were collected from domestic and public-supply wells in the Eagle Ford study area in 2015–16, in the Fayetteville study area in 2015, and in the Haynesville study area in 2014–15. One sample of produced water was collected from a gas well in the Haynesville Shale in Rusk County, Texas in 2010, and 5 samples of produced water were collected from oil and condensate wells in the Eagle Ford Shale in Gonzales and Lavaca Counties, Texas in 2015. Groundwater samples were analyzed for major ions, nutrients, and trace elements; methane, methane H and C isotopic compositions, and C1-C5 gas composition; H and O isotopic composition of water; noble gas concentrations and isotopic compositions; tritium,...
In 2013 to 2015, 833 public supply wells in 15 Principal aquifers in the United States were sampled to identify which aquifers contained high methane concentrations (>1 mg/L) and determine the geologic, hydrologic, and geochemical conditions associated with high concentrations. This study represents the first national assessment of methane in aquifers used for public supply in the U.S. and, as such, advances the understanding of the occurrence and distribution of methane in groundwater nationally. Methane concentrations >1 and >10 mg/L occurred in 6.7 and 1.1% of the samples, respectively. Most high concentrations occurred in aquifers in the Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain regions and upper Midwest. High methane...
High radium (Ra) concentrations in potable portions of the Cambrian-Ordovician (C-O) aquifer system were investigated using water-quality data and environmental tracers ( 3H, 3Hetrit, SF6 , 14C and 4Herad) of groundwater age from 80 public-supply wells (PSWs). Groundwater ages were estimated by calibration of tracers to lumped parameter models and ranged from modern (1 Myr) in the most downgradient, confined portions of the potable system. More than 80 and 40 percent of mean groundwater ages were older than 1000 and 50,000 yr, respectively. Anoxic, Fe-reducing conditions and increased mineralization develop with time in the aquifer system and mobilize Ra into solution resulting in the frequent occurrence of combined...
The ascii grids associated with this data release are model inputs representing the Central Valley aquifer, California, and predicted nitrate concentrations (as NO3-N, mg/L) at two depth zones associated with private and public drinking water supply wells, respectively. The model input and prediction grids are bound by the alluvial bed boundary that defines the Central Valley. The prediction grids were produced with Boosted Regression Tree (BRT) modeling methods within a statistical modeling framework using the statistical modeling software R (R Core Team, https://www.r-project.org/) and linear interpolation within Oasis Montaj software (Geosoft, version 9.0.2). The response variable was a set of nitrate concentrations...
In 2018, groundwater samples were collected from aquifers in the Williston Basin in parts of eastern Montana, western North Dakota, and northwestern South Dakota. This dataset includes quality-control data for volatile organic compounds that include data for source-solution blanks and field blanks. The dataset also includes data for sulfur hexafluoride in environmental samples of groundwater.
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) previously identified 62 Principal Aquifers (PAs) in the U.S., with 57 located in the conterminous states. The USGS characterized areas outside of PAs as “other rocks;” other rocks account for about 40% of the area of the conterminous states. This paper subdivides the large area identified as other rocks into Secondary Hydrogeologic Regions (SHRs). SHRs are defined as areas of other rock within which the rocks are of comparable geologic age, lithology, and relationship to the presence or absence of underling PAs or overlying glacial deposits. A total of 69 SHRs were identified. SHRs were identified in two phases. In the first phase, Other Rock Regions (ORRs) were defined as regions...
Categories: Data Release - Revised;
Tags: Aquifers,
Classification,
Confining Layers,
Groundwater,
Hydrogeology,
Multi Order Hydrologic Position (MOHP) raster datasets: Distance from Stream to Divide (DSD) and Lateral Position (LP) have been produced nationally for the 48 contiguous United States at 30-meter and 90-meter cell resolution for stream orders 1 through 9. These data are available for testing as predictor variables for various regional and national groundwater-flow and groundwater-quality statistical models. For quicker downloads, these data are available here nationally at a 90-meter cell resolution, as well as on the National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI) Node at the higher 30-meter cell resolution ( https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/styles/landingPage/national_MOHP_Predictor.xml ). The concept...
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