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Folders: ROOT > ScienceBase Catalog > National and Regional Climate Adaptation Science Centers > Northwest CASC > FY 2014 Projects ( Show direct descendants )

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Abstract (from http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/hyp.11264/abstract): Pinyon-juniper (PJ) cover has increased up to 10-fold in many parts of the western U.S. in the last 140+ years. The impacts of these changes on streamflows are unclear and may vary depending on the intra-annual distribution and amount of precipitation. Given the importance of streamflow in the western U.S., it is important to understand how shifts in PJ woodland cover may produce changes in streamflow across the region's diverse hydroclimates. To this end, we simulated the land surface water balance with contrasting woodland and grassland cover with the Hydrologiska Byråns Vattenbalansavdelning (HBV) model at a 4-km resolution across...
Baltimore, MD, USA: In recent years, wildfires have burned trees and homes to the ground across many states in the western U.S., but the ground itself has not gotten away unscathed. Wildfires, which are on the rise throughout the west as a result of prolonged drought and climate change, can alter soil properties and make it more vulnerable to erosion. A new study shows that the increase in wildfires may double soil erosion in some western U.S. states by 2050, and all that dirt ends up in streams, clogging creeks and degrading water quality. Read More in the ​AAAS News Release >>
The availability and use of climate science for decision-making involves a complex dynamic between science provider and potential user. Significant research has been conducted on the use of science in decision making, in general, and more recently on the use of such tools as vulnerability assessments (VAs), integrated assessments, and ecological and ecosystems assessments, in decision making. Findings have shown that significant barriers and constraints are in place for the integration of climate science into traditional institutional methods of decision making or planning (Leonard, et al 2008; Lindquist 2010, 2011). This research focused on the Great Basin region of the western United States (represented institutionally...
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Projected current and future potential distribution for the following vertebrate species: American Black Bear (Ursus americanus), American Marten (Martes americana), Canadian Lynx (Lynx canadensis), Lewis's Woodpecker (Melanerpes lewis), Mule Deer (Odocoileus hemionus), Tiger Salamander (Ambystoma tigrinum), Wolverine (Gulo gulo), based on correlative bioclimatic models and projected changes in vegetation biomes. Bioclimatic models were built using the Random Forest algorithm. Projected changes in vegetation were also modeled using the Random Forest algorithm but were produced by Rehfeldt et al. (2012). Projected current distribution is based on the average climate conditions for the years 1961-1990. Projected future...
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The Energy Release Component (ERC) is a calculated output of the National Fire Danger Rating System (NFDRS). The ERC is a number related to the available energy (BTU) per unit area (square foot) within the flaming front at the head of a fire. The ERC is considered a composite fuel moisture index as it reflects the contribution of all live and dead fuels to potential fire intensity. As live fuels cure and dead fuels dry, the ERC will increase and can be described as a build-up index. The ERC has memory. Each daily calculation considers the past 7 days in calculating the new number. Daily variations of the ERC are relatively small as wind is not part of the calculation. The ERC is projected to the 2050s using three...
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Results of a citizen science effort in which students and instructors at the McCall Outdoor Science School (MOSS) collected snow observations every 1-4 weeks at their field site within Ponderosa State Park (elevation 1540 m), adjacent to Payette Lake, ID. Students documented snow cover within forested versus open areas at each site via photographs and estimates of the continuity of snow cover. Additionally, snow depth and density were measured via snow pits in the forest and the open. Data were entered via a Google Form, and the results recorded in this table. Site Data Citation for full description of the field campaign and sites. Field photographs are archived along with these data, sorted by site name, with timestamp...
From Dispatches in Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment. Read more here.
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NatureServe Vista (Vista) is a free ArcGIS extension that was integrated into the project to support analysis in the project, as well as continued “as needed” implementation planning. Vista is a broad tool that could support the following tasks: Integrate spatial data Define “conservation elements” or those features of conservation assessment and planning interest Collect and populate a database of conservation element indicators and requirements such as retention goal, minimum occurrence size, condition threshold, and response (e.g., condition model parameters) of the element to stressors and conservation practices Characterize patterns of diversity, value (e.g., imperilment status), and data uncertainty Characterize...
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After identifying collaborative conservation priority areas (see this report for details), the Arid Lands Initiative needed to assess the relative climate change vulnerability of these areas to better understand what management strategies might be most appropriate in each. This Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment (CCVA) for the ALI’s Priority Core Areas (PCAs) is fully described in this report. An addendum report, here, presents a complementary CCVA that was developed for the ALI’s Priority Linkage Areas (PLAs). PCAs were assessed relative to other PCAs, and PLAs relative to other PLAs, so they both have their own models attached below. Note that a Netweaver2 Developer License (http://www.rules-of-thumb.com/NetWeaver/)...
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This Esri file geodatabase contains the Arid Lands Initiative’s Priority Core Areas (PCAs) and Priority Linkage Areas (PLAs). For all PCAs and PLAs over 5,000 acres in size, we developed a "scorecard" that presents its rank, relative to the other PLAs, for a range of threats and values. Both the raw, continuous values and the ranks are available in the attributes of these feature classes. Details about each field are provided in the fields metadata section. The citations in the fields metadata can all be found in the references section of the Phase 2 final report, available here. The full report with PCA scorecards is available here, and the addendum report with PLA scorecards is here. Most of the raw input...
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Ecoregions denote areas of general similarity in ecosystems and in the type, quality, and quantity of environmental resources. They are designed to serve as a spatial framework for the research, assessment, management, and monitoring of ecosystems and ecosystem components. These general purpose regions are critical for structuring and implementing ecosystem management strategies across federal agencies, state agencies, and nongovernment organizations that are responsible for different types of resources within the same geographical areas. The approach used to compile this map is based on the premise that ecological regions can be identified through the analysis of patterns of biotic and abiotic phenomena, including...
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This data set represents the extent, approximate location and type of wetlands and deepwater habitats in the conterminous United States. These data delineate the areal extent of wetlands and surface waters as defined by Cowardin et al. (1979). Certain wetland habitats are excluded from the National mapping program because of the limitations of aerial imagery as the primary data source used to detect wetlands. These habitats include seagrasses or submerged aquatic vegetation that are found in the intertidal and subtidal zones of estuaries and near shore coastal waters. Some deepwater reef communities (coral or tuberficid worm reefs) have also been excluded from the inventory. These habitats, because of their depth,...
map background search result map search result map NWI (National Wetlands Inventory) for the ALI analysis area Lumped EPA Level IV Ecoregions for use as geographic strata ALI Riverine Assessment Project Area ALI NetWeaver Fuzzy Logic models used to assess relative climate change vulnerability of priority areas Arid Lands Initiative Vista Project Priority Core Area (PCA) and Priority Linkage Area (PLA) geodatabase Citizen science snow observations at the McCall Outdoor Science School, McCall, ID Projected habitat suitability for several vertebrate species in the Pacific Northwest based on projected climatic suitability, projected vegetation, and current land use Change from Historical in Number of Days with High Fire Risk (Energy Release Component > 95th percentile), RCP8.5, 2050s Citizen science snow observations at the McCall Outdoor Science School, McCall, ID Change from Historical in Number of Days with High Fire Risk (Energy Release Component > 95th percentile), RCP8.5, 2050s NWI (National Wetlands Inventory) for the ALI analysis area Lumped EPA Level IV Ecoregions for use as geographic strata Arid Lands Initiative Vista Project Priority Core Area (PCA) and Priority Linkage Area (PLA) geodatabase ALI NetWeaver Fuzzy Logic models used to assess relative climate change vulnerability of priority areas ALI Riverine Assessment Project Area Projected habitat suitability for several vertebrate species in the Pacific Northwest based on projected climatic suitability, projected vegetation, and current land use