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The USFWS (Service) supports the State of Hawai‘i in conserving endangered Hawaiian forest birds, through technical assistance and management support. Two critically endangered forest birds endemic to Kauaʻi, the ‘Akikiki and the ‘Akeke‘e, are facing imminent extinction (potentially within three years) if immediate action is not taken. The most important threat is introduced mosquito-borne diseases, amplified by climate change due to the movement of disease-carrying mosquitoes into high-elevation refugia as warming progresses. This threat cannot yet be addressed at a landscape level on Kaua‘i. A Service-funded structured decision-making process identified translocation as the next appropriate option for their conservation....
The endemic subspecies of the Pacific sheath-tailed bat (payeyi; Emballonura semicaudata rotensis), and the Mariana swiftlet (chachaguak; Aerodramus bartschi) once inhabited many of the islands that comprise the Mariana archipelago (Lemke 1986, Flannery 1995, Ellison et al. 2003, Cruz et al. 2008). Both are insectivorous species that roost or nest almost exclusively in natural limestone caves (Pratt et al. 1987). Population threats to these two species primarily include habitat loss from past clearing of native forest for agriculture, with subsequent replacement by invasive vegetation (particularly Lantana camara), habitat degradation from feral goat browsing, persistent disturbance of nests and roosts, pesticide...
This project will compare relative Culex abundances, and the prevalence of Plasmodium relictum, in mosquitoes and birds at the upper and lower bounds of a key portion of the kiwikiu and ‘akohekohe ranges. This information will be used to inform the design and implementation of landscape-level mosquito control technique. In addition, it will provide critical information on habitat suitability and imminent disease risk for the two critically endangered Maui forest birds. This project will provide baseline comparative information on mosquito distribution and avian malaria infection prevalence in mosquitoes and birds within a key portion of kiwikiu and ‘akohekohe range. The project products will be made available to...
The objective of the project is to provide the Hawaii Division of Aquatic Resources (DAR) with easy-to-use geospatial tools necessary to running a science-based participatory 30x30 planning process, and the technical support and iterative evaluation activities required to ensure the tools are implemented effectively. The work will enable stakeholders to effectively engage with relevant spatial data and information as they identify areas for consideration in the 30x30 planning. The project will accomplish the proposed objectives by: 1) providing spatial data layers in the interactive SeaSketch platform; 2) working closely with DAR staff on facilitation technique; 3) reproducing existing analytical tools developed...
The Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge (Refuge), on the windward slopes of Mauna Kea, Hawai’i, is an important habitat for Hawaiian forest birds and plants, several of which are listed as endangered. Surrounding lands are managed by a variety of entities for conservation and other purposes. This landscape is experiencing environmental change, and is projected to experience altered temperatures and rainfall patterns in coming decades. In turn, these changes will likely alter the distributions of invasive weeds and mosquitoes, and reduce or eliminate populations of sensitive native species. The Refuge has conducted extensive forest restoration, and adjacent landowners are also conducting restoration activities....
Conservation partners in Hawaii are tasked with protecting and restoring native ecosystems across remote and varied landscapes in the face of continuous invasions of novel threats and a changing climate. Hundreds of species have been lost to extinction and hundreds more remain at risk. To guide their efforts, managers have dozens of excellent recovery plans that comprise reams of pages. Implementing those plans, however, poses an often‐overwhelming challenge because funds are not currently adequate to implement every plan in every place. As a result, managers make tough decisions on where to focus effort and which conservation actions should be implemented first. Those decisions must include locations and actions...
Assess the prevalence of ciguatoxins in reef fishes along a disturbance gradient created by a major coral bleaching event. Secondarily, the degree of temporal stability or seasonality in the prevalence of ciguatoxins in reef fishes over the course of the proposed study will be assessed. This project will produce a scientific report detailing the results of the habitat analyses, prevalence of ciguatoxins in the sampled Peacock Grouper and Kole, and the statistical analyses evaluating relationships between ciguatoxin prevalence and measured habitat variables.
The basic service objective is to provide expertise in survey design, field data collection, and data analysis so the Service and its multiple conservation partners will be able to devise and adopt an improved protocol for the HI Statewide Biannual Waterbird Survey that addresses currently unmet needs, in particular the capacity to address sampling objectives with multiple spatial scales of inference. Services to be performed by the contractor require extensive knowledge and expertise in the following: ecology and wetland utilization of endangered Hawaiian waterbirds in the main Hawaiian islands, how the HI Statewide Biannual Waterbird survey is currently being conducted (existing protocol), how the existing survey...
The USFWS (Service) supports the State of Hawai’i in conserving threatened and endangered (listed) Hawaiian species through technical assistance and management support. The State’s Division of Forestry and Wildlife (DOFAW) has jurisdiction over these listed species, and partners with non-governmental organizations, Federal agencies, and private landowners to manage populations toward recovery.; Recovery tasks include surveys and monitoring, habitat and population management, threat abatement, ex situ propagation, translocation, reintroduction, and research.The Service, through various programs, funds or facilitates much of this recovery work. For example, the Service is developing population models for listed species...
This PowerPoint presentation is a final product from an internship focused on better understanding management needs, solutions, barriers to solutions, and developing effective messaging to address reduced fisheries stocks in American Samoa.
As climate change continues to alter species’ habitats and the natural processes on which they depend, our ability to use historical and current conditions as guides for species conservation and habitat restoration is diminishing. The USFWS and its partners are making increasingly challenging conservation decisions to preserve biodiversity and healthy ecosystems. Conservation introduction, defined as the intentional movement and release or outplanting of a species outside its indigenous range for the purpose of conservation, is one approach that can be used to respond to conservation emergencies such as imminent extinction, and to facilitate adaptation to climate change as species assemble into new biotic communities...
The National Conservation Training Center (NCTC) Climate Change workshop for Region 1 Refuges was a short, 2-day course providing hands-on training with dedicated coaches for applying climate-smart principles to real natural resource management plans and projects that are refuge specific. The training and coaching session is based on the guide Climate‐Smart Conservation: Putting Adaptation Principles into Practice. Teams, consisting of two or more people, will be coached using the climate-smart conservation framework and will develop climate-informed conservation goals and integrate adaption planning into on-going work. Teams will document their project at the end of the workshop with a short summary—See https://forestadaptation.org/Hackmatack,...
One of the key needs in restoration planning is designing climate‐resilient ecosystems. However,choosing which species to use in restoration is often done with limited information on species traits andresource use patterns, community interactions, or future climatic conditions. We propose a landscapelevel approach that integrates the shifting niches of species under new climate regimes (using speciesdistribution models, SDMs) and the functional trait profiles of species. Such an approach can beparticularly fruitful in the lowland wet forest (LWF) ecosystem in Hawai‘i, which will face non‐analogclimate regimes, but where little work on climate responses of ecosystems has been done. In this study,we ask whether a...
Climate change is the most pressing societal challenge of our time, with projected changes likely to result in cascading impacts to species, ecosystems, and ecosystem services. These impacts will exacerbate current resource challenges for the Hawaiian Islands, such as conflict over water resources, land use and degradation, and invasive species. Resource managers and conservation planners are addressing this challenge by revising current plans and practices with increased attention on potential climate impacts to natural resources, communities, and socioeconomic values to better meet long-term goals. We propose to support resource managers and planners of the main Hawaiian Islands in meeting this challenge by developing...
The Conservation Biology Institute worked with Pacific Islands Climate Change Cooperative (PICCC) staff to design, customize, and host spatial datasets in an online PICCC Conservation Planning Atlas (CPA). The Atlas design and development process was informed by five focus groups that were convened by PICCC to gather stakeholder needs and identify priority spatial datasets for association with the CPA.
The objectives of this study were to test the potential to scale up reef cooling methods including chilled water and to to test methods of reducing pH in reef waters to provide tools to coral reef managers. The study was conducted in Tutuila, American Samoa.
In order to better understand the determinants of outplanting success and improve the conservation plan of this species we propose to continue extensive monitoring while also adding sampling to investigate the correlation of success with origin and genetics of founder accession as well as environmental variables (e.g., temperature, rainfall, soil nutrients, and neighboring plant community).The project will provide extensive data predicting determinants of reintroduction and outplanting success in correlation to origin and genetic profiles of founder accessions and environmental variables at outplanting sites. This information will be directly used as basis for an updated conservation plan for Polyscias bisattenuata,...
Our main objective is to support territorial climate adaptation, natural resource management, and policy in American Samoa (AS) by bridging information gaps between regional and regional stakeholders through innovative web-tools. These tools will be co-produced with five regional agency partners, and will directly support implementation of their existing climate adaptation management and research activities to significantly move the needle in territorial climate adaptation capacity. (2) The need for a centralized data portal in AS is not new. AS-DOC hosted a now offline GIS portal to support building-permit applications, and in 2016 AS-EPA, AS-DOC, and CRAG, were funded to create a geospatial framework to enable...
Climate change vulnerability is the degree to which a species is susceptible to adverse impacts of climate change based on exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity. A vulnerability assessment (VA) is a tool that helps resource managers identify which populations are most at risk by evaluating whether key traits will negatively or positively affect a species. In this study, I conducted a literature review of climate change research using online databases to find evidence as to why particular species traits make species more or less likely to decline. After a comprehensive literature search, of 55 articles found, only 15 contained information linking specific species traits to differences in climate change vulnerability....
This award will support development of products and public engagement activities by the Program Coordinator of the Hawai’i Landscape-scale Mosquito Control Program (Program). This Coordinator will work across the Hawaiian Islands to achieve goals developed by the Program’s Steering Committee, which includes Service representatives. Supported products and activities will prepare for field trials of a mosquito control method, using Wolbachia bacteria, that renders mosquitoes infertile. This technique is currently used in urban areas elsewhere in the U.S. If successful in Hawaiian forests, it could eventually control avian malaria and promote recovery of listed Hawaiian forest birds. A successful trial of this emerging...