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LANDFIRE's (LF) 2022 update (LF 2022) Existing Vegetation Cover (EVC) represents the vertically projected percent cover of the live canopy for a 30-m cell. EVC is produced separately for tree, shrub, and herbaceous lifeforms. Training data depicting percentages of canopy cover are obtained from plot-level ground-based visual assessments and lidar observations. These are combined with Landsat imagery (from multiple seasons), to inform models built independently for each lifeform. Tree, shrub, and herbaceous lifeforms each have a potential range from 10% to 100% (cover values less than 10% are binned into the 10% value). The three independent lifeform datasets are merged into a single product based on the dominant...
LANDFIRE (LF) disturbance products are developed to provide temporal and spatial information related to landscape change. Historical Disturbance (HDist) is developed from the base annual LF disturbance products, and attribute code system, to represent the history of disturbance for a 10-year span. Each year's disturbance scenarios are checked against time relevant LF vegetation products to check for logical inconsistencies. Errant codes are flagged and updated to a discard code with the remaining disturbance types cross-walked/aggregated to Fuel Disturbance (FDist) types. HDist includes the year of disturbance that is recorded for that pixel. In LF 2022, the time since disturbance code is the same for both HDist...
LANDFIRE (LF) 2022 Fuel Vegetation Type (FVT) represents the LF Existing Vegetation Type Ecological Systems (EVT) product, modified to represent pre-disturbance EVT in areas where disturbances have occurred over the past 10 years. Due to shifting EVT codes and labels throughout the years, the FVT codes are based on an early version of EVT codes translated from the current version. FVT is an input for fuel transitions related to disturbance. Fuel products in LF 2022 were created with LF 2016 Remap vegetation in non-disturbed areas. To designate disturbed areas where FVT is modified, the aggregated Annual Disturbance products from 2013 to 2022 in the Fuel Disturbance (FDist) product are used. All existing disturbances...
LANDFIRE's (LF) 2022 Forest Canopy Cover (CC) describes the percent cover of the tree canopy in a stand. CC is a vertical projection of the tree canopy cover onto an imaginary horizontal plane. CC supplies information for fire behavior models to determine the probability of crown fire initiation, provide input in the spotting model, calculate wind reductions, and to calculate fuel moisture conditioning. To create this product, plot level CC values are calculated using the canopy fuel estimation software, Forest Vegetation Simulator (FVS). Pre-disturbance CC and Canopy Height (CH) are used as predictors of disturbed CC using a linear regression equation per Fuel Vegetation Type (FVT), disturbance type/severity, and...
LANDFIRE (LF) 2022 Fuel Vegetation Cover (FVC) represents the LF Existing Vegetation Cover (EVC) product, modified to represent pre-disturbance EVC in areas where disturbances have occurred over the past 10 years. EVC is mapped as continuous estimates of canopy cover for tree, shrub, and herbaceous lifeforms with a potential range from 10% to 100%. Continuous EVC values are binned to align with fuel model assignments when creating FVC. FVC is an input for fuel transitions related to disturbance. Fuel products in LF 2022 were created with LF 2016 Remap vegetation in non-disturbed areas. To designate disturbed areas where FVC is modified, the aggregated Annual Disturbance products from 2013 to 2022 in the Fuel Disturbance...
Estimation of irrigation water use provides essential information for the management and conservation of agricultural water resources. The blue water evapotranspiration (BWET) raster dataset at 30-meter resolution is created to estimate agricultural irrigation water consumption. The dataset contains seasonal total (1 May to 30 September) BWET time series (1986 – 2020) for the croplands across the U.S. High Plains aquifer region. The BWET estimates are generated by integrating an energy-balance ET model (Operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance model) and a water-balance ET model (Vegetation ET model). BWET in croplands reflects crop consumptive use of irrigation water extracted from surface water and groundwater...
Climate change over the past century has altered vegetation community composition and species distributions across rangelands in the western United States. The scale and magnitude of climatic influences are largely unknown. We used fractional component cover data for rangeland functional groups and weather data from the 1985 to 2023 reference period in conjunction with soils and topography data to develop empirical models describing the spatio-temporal variation in component cover. To investigate the ramifications of future change across the western US, we extended models based on historical relationships over the reference period to model landscape effects based on future weather conditions from two emissions scenarios...
The LANDFIRE (LF) Canadian Forest Fire Danger Rating System (CFFDRS) product depicts fuel types as an identifiable association of fuel elements of distinctive species, form, size, arrangement, and continuity. CFFDRS exhibits characteristic fire behavior under the specified burn conditions. In LF 2022 Canadian fuel models are derived from the Fuel Model Guide to Alaska Vegetation (Alaska Fuel Model Guide Task Group, 2018) and subsequent updates. The LF CFFDRS product contains the fuel models used for the Fire Behavior Prediction (FBP) system fuel type inputs. Default values assigned to the Canadian Fuel Models required to run the Prometheus fire behavior software (Prometheus, 2021) are added as attributes to the...
LANDFIRE's (LF) 2022 Forest Canopy Height (CH) describes the average height of the top of the canopy for a stand. CH is used in the calculation of Canopy Bulk Density (CBD) and Canopy Base Height (CBH). CH supplies information for fire behavior models, such as FARSITE (Finney 1998), that can determine the starting point of embers in the spotting model, wind reductions, and the volume of crown fuels. To create this product, plot level CH values are calculated using the canopy fuel estimation software, Forest Vegetation Simulator (FVS). Pre-disturbance Canopy Cover and CH are used as predictors of disturbed CH using a linear regression equation per Fuel Vegetation Type (FVT), disturbance type/severity, and time since...
LANDFIRE (LF) disturbance products are developed to provide temporal and spatial information related to landscape change. LF 2022 Fuel Disturbance (FDist) uses the latest Annual Disturbance products from the effective disturbance years of 2013 to 2022. FDist is created from LF 2022 Historical Disturbance (HDist) which in turn aggregates the Annual Disturbance products. FDist groups similar disturbance types, severities and time since disturbance categories which represent disturbance scenarios within the fuel environment. FDist is used in conjunction with Fuel Vegetation Type (FVT), Cover (FVC), and Height (FVH) to calculate Canopy Cover (CC), Canopy Height (CH), Canopy Bulk Density (CBD), Canopy Base Height (CBH),...
This product ("Prairie fires") presents burned area boundaries for The Flint Hills Ecoregion (KS and OK), one of the most fire prone ecosystems in the United States where hundreds of thousands of acres burn annually as prescribed fire and wildfire. The prairie fire products provide the extent of larger prairie fires in the Flint Hills to record the occurrence of fire and can be used to identify individual burned areas within the perimeters. This product is published to provide fire information of the most fire prone ecosystems to individuals and land management communities for assessing burn extent and impacts on a time sensitive basis. The methods used to produce the prairie fire products from 2019 to present are...
These data products are preliminary burn severity assessments derived from data obtained from suitable imagery (including Landsat TM, Landsat ETM+, Landsat OLI, Sentinel 2A, and Sentinel 2B). The pre-fire and post-fire subsets included were used to create a differenced Normalized Burn Ratio (dNBR) image. The dNBR image attempts to portray the variation of burn severity within a fire. The severity ratings are influenced by the effects to the canopy. The severity rating is based upon a composite of the severity to the understory (grass, shrub layers), midstory trees and overstory trees. Because there is often a strong correlation between canopy consumption and soil effects, this algorithm works in many cases for Burned...
This map layer is a vector polygon shapefile of the perimeters of all currently inventoried fires occurring between calendar year 2021 and 2021 that do not meet standard MTBS size criteria. These data are published to augment the data that are available from the MTBS program. This product was produced using the methods of the Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity Program (MTBS); however, these fires do not meet the size criteria for a standard MTBS assessment. The MTBS Program assesses the frequency, extent, and magnitude (size and severity) of all large wildland fires (wildfires and prescribed fires) in the conterminous United States (CONUS), Alaska, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico for the period 1984 and beyond. MTBS typically...
The U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) requests burn severity assessments through an agreement with the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to be completed by analysts with the Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity (MTBS) Program. These data products are burned area boundary shapefiles derived from post-fire sensor data (including Landsat TM, Landsat ETM+, Landsat OLI). The pre-fire and post-fire subsets included were used to create Normalized Burn Ratio (NBR) and then a differenced Normalized Burn Ratio (dNBR) image. The objective of this assessment was to generate burned area boundaries for each fire. Data bundles also include post-fire subset, pre-fire subset, NBR, and dNBR images. This map layer is a thematic raster...
The Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity (MTBS) Program assesses the frequency, extent, and magnitude (size and severity) of all large wildland fires (wildfires and prescribed fires) in the conterminous United States (CONUS), Alaska, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico for the period 1984 and beyond. All fires reported as greater than 1,000 acres in the western U.S. and greater than 500 acres in the eastern U.S. are mapped across all ownerships. MTBS produces a series of geospatial and tabular data for analysis at a range of spatial, temporal, and thematic scales and are intended to meet a variety of information needs that require consistent data about fire effects through space and time. This map layer is a thematic raster image...
The National Land Cover Database (NLCD) is a land cover monitoring program providing land cover information for the United States. NLCD2016 extended temporal coverage to 15 years (2001–2016). We collected land cover reference data for the 2011 and 2016 nominal dates to report land cover accuracy for the NLCD2016 database 2011 and 2016 land cover components. We measured land cover accuracy at Level II and Level I, and change accuracy at Level I. For both the 2011 and 2016 land cover components, single-date Level II overall accuracies (OA) were 72% (standard error of ±0.9%) when agreement was defined as match between the map label and primary reference label only and 86% (± 0.7%) when agreement also included the alternate...
National Land Cover Database (NLCD) 2001 Land Cover Conterminous United States (ver. 2.0, July 2024)
Disclaimer: this is an historic version of NLCD provided for research and citation purposes. Different release dates of NLCD cannot be used with other release dates for correct analysis. Each release of NLCD generates a complete set of directly comparable products. These products must be used together for correct analysis. You can find the latest suite of synced products at www.mrlc.gov. The National Land Cover Database 2001 land cover layer for mapping zones 01-66 was produced through a cooperative project conducted by the Multi-Resolution Land Characteristics (MRLC) Consortium. The MRLC Consortium is a partnership of federal agencies (www.mrlc.gov), consisting of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the National...
Categories: Data Release - Revised;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Base Maps,
Coastal Zone,
Earth Cover,
GIS,
Land Cover,
LANDFIRE's (LF) Annual Disturbance products provide temporal and spatial information related to landscape change. Annual Disturbance depicts areas of 4.5 hectares (11 acres) or larger that have experienced a natural or anthropogenic landscape change (or treatment) within a given year. For the creation of the Annual Disturbance product, information sources include national fire mapping programs such as Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity (MTBS), Burned Area Reflectance Classification (BARC) and Rapid Assessment of Vegetation Condition after Wildfire (RAVG), 18 types of agency-contributed "event" perimeters (see LF Public Events Geodatabase), and remotely sensed Landsat imagery. To create the LF Annual Disturbance...
LANDFIRE's (LF) 2022 Canopy Base Height (CBH) supplies information used in fire behavior models to determine the critical point at which a surface fire will transition to a crown fire in conjunction with other environmental factors, such as wind speed and moisture content. CBH data are continuous from 0 to 9.9 meters (to the nearest 0.1m) and describe the lowest point in a stand where there is enough available fuel (0.25in diameter) to propagate fire vertically through the canopy. Critical CBH is defined as the lowest point at which the Canopy Bulk Density (CBD) is .012kg m-3. Under different scenarios of disturbance and based on previous research incorporating plot-level CBH calculations, CBH for disturbed areas...
LANDFIRE (LF) 2022 Fuel Vegetation Height (FVH) represents the LF Existing Vegetation Height (EVH) product, modified to represent pre-disturbance EVH in areas where disturbances have occurred over the past 10 years. EVH is mapped as continuous estimates of canopy height for tree, shrub, and herbaceous lifeforms with a potential range of 0-100m. Continuous EVH values are binned to align with fuel model assignments when creating FVH. FVH is an input for fuel transitions related to disturbance. Fuel products in LF 2022 were created with LF 2016 Remap vegetation in non-disturbed areas. To designate disturbed areas where FVH is modified, the aggregated Annual Disturbance products from 2013 to 2022 in the Fuel Disturbance...
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